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Automobile Industry and Auto Components, Automotive components, Spare parts, Auto Parts, Car Parts, Replacement Parts, Tractor Parts, Motorcycle Parts, Auto Body Parts, Two Wheeler, Three Wheeler and Four Wheeler Parts, Accessories & Spares Projects

The automotive sector, which includes a wide range of two-wheelers, three-wheelers, four-wheelers, and auto components, is a major driver of global economic growth, but it is especially important in India. The nation's socioeconomic development is accelerated by this sector, which not only provides ample career options but also fosters technological innovation and manufacturing prowess.


An Overview of the Market and Current Trends
• Market Size in India and Worldwide: Talk about the magnitude of the current global market, with special attention to India's position and share. Draw attention to the projected increase in the number of vehicles on Indian roadways by 2050.
• Market Demand and Production Growth: Information on the demand for several vehicle segments (passenger cars, trucks, and motorcycles), as well as growth forecasts for each.
Benefits to Industry Sector
• Economic Growth Driver: The car sector creates jobs and improves manufacturing capacity to stimulate economic growth.
• Innovation and Technology: An examination of the industry's technological breakthroughs and India's contribution to automotive innovation.
• Export Potential: Future expectations and India's status as a major auto exporter.
Profits and Business Potential
• Sector Attractiveness for Entrepreneurs and Startups: The size, growth potential, and profitability of the automotive market are among the factors that make it attractive for new companies to enter.
• Success Stories: Illustrations of new businesses and entrepreneurs that have effectively broken into the market.


Prospects for Growth and the Future
• Emerging Markets and Segments: Locating fresh markets and market niches with significant room for expansion within the automobile industry.
• The Future of Electric Vehicles and Sustainable Practices:The transition to more environmentally friendly automotive practices and the prospects for electric vehicles in India and around the world. 
• Government Initiatives and Support: An outline of the laws, grants, and other programs that the government has put in place to encourage development and innovation in the automobile sector.


Government Resources and Offers
• Policy Framework and Support: a thorough analysis of national initiatives including the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan and the Automotive Mission Plan, among others.
• Investment Incentives: Details on FDI rules, investment incentives, and other government programs meant to entice capital to the automobile industry.
Obstacles and Strategies for Mitigation
• Environmental and Regulatory Challenges: Information on environmental concerns, regulatory barriers, and industry responses to these issues.

Enumerate the ways in which the automotive industry contributes to economic growth, the plethora of chances it offers to startups and entrepreneurs, and the government's involvement in fostering the expansion of this industry.

 

#AutomobileIndustry #AutoComponents #IndianAutoSector #ElectricVehicles #SustainableMobility #AutomotiveInnovation #StartupsInAuto #MakeInIndiaForAuto #StartYourOwnIndustry #BusinessFeasibilityReport #MarketOpportunities #DetailedProjectReport #NPCS #EntrepreneurIndia #BusinessOpportunity #BusinessGrowth #BusinessSuccess

 

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NPCS Industrial Project Consultants offer comprehensive reports designed to empower your entrepreneurial journey. Here's how our reports equip you for success:

1. Identify Lucrative Opportunities:

Explore profitable ventures across diverse industries.

Gain insights into industry size, market potential, and investment rationale for specific products.

Make informed decisions about diversification or new business ventures.

2. Understand Products Inside-Out:

Acquire detailed information on product characteristics and segmentation.

Gain a clear understanding of the product landscape and potential applications.

3. Target Consumers Effectively:

Identify your ideal customer segment with precise market research and analysis.

Develop targeted marketing strategies for maximum impact.

4. Assess Project Viability:

Gain transparency into essential project considerations:

Required machinery and equipment

Estimated project costs

Financial projections and profitability analysis

5. Navigate Regulatory Landscape:

Stay informed about relevant government regulations applicable to your industry.

Ensure compliance and avoid potential roadblocks.

6. Make Strategic Decisions:

Access market forecasts for key parameters over a five-year horizon.

Anticipate industry trends and make informed business choices based on reliable insights.


Our Research Methodology:

Focus on Indian Markets: Deep dives into specific Indian industry sectors.

Comprehensive Analysis: Current market situation, historical trends, and future outlook.

Five-Year Forecasts: Accurately predict market growth and potential.

Data-Driven Insights: Secondary research supported by industry expert validation.

Reliable Sources: Utilize established information sources and databases.

Expert Processing: Information is curated and analyzed by experienced professionals.


Beyond Reports:

NPCS goes beyond simply providing reports. We offer additional services to support your project effectively:

Feasibility Studies: Conduct in-depth analyses to assess project viability and potential risks.

Business Plan Development: Create a comprehensive roadmap for your venture's success.

Project Implementation Support: Assist with various stages of project execution.


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We can provide you detailed project reports on the following topics. Please select the projects of your interests.

Each detailed project reports cover all the aspects of business, from analysing the market, confirming availability of various necessities such as plant & machinery, raw materials to forecasting the financial requirements. The scope of the report includes assessing market potential, negotiating with collaborators, investment decision making, corporate diversification planning etc. in a very planned manner by formulating detailed manufacturing techniques and forecasting financial aspects by estimating the cost of raw material, formulating the cash flow statement, projecting the balance sheet etc.

We also offer self-contained Pre-Investment and Pre-Feasibility Studies, Market Surveys and Studies, Preparation of Techno-Economic Feasibility Reports, Identification and Selection of Plant and Machinery, Manufacturing Process and or Equipment required, General Guidance, Technical and Commercial Counseling for setting up new industrial projects on the following topics.

Many of the engineers, project consultant & industrial consultancy firms in India and worldwide use our project reports as one of the input in doing their analysis.

We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement.
We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.

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BRAKE FLUID - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics

Brake fluid is one of the most important components in a braking system. It is a type of hydraulic fluid used in brake applications in motorcycles, automobiles and light trucks. It is used to transfer force under pressure from where it is created through hydraulic lines to the braking mechanism near the wheels. It works because liquids are not appreciably compressible. Braking applications produce a lot of heat so brake fluid must have a high boiling point to remain effective and must also not freeze under normal temperatures. These requirements eliminate most water-based solutions. The quality and safety of a brake fluid is defined by its boiling point. Brake fluid can come in a number of forms, standardized under the DOT (Department of Transportation) standard. DOT 2 is essentially castor oil; DOT 3, DOT 4, and DOT 5.1 are composed of various mineral oils, glycol esters and ethers; and DOT 5 is silicone-based. Most cars used in the US use DOT 3. DOT 3 is one of several designations of brake fluid denoting a particular mixture of chemicals imparting specified ranges of boiling point. DOT 3 like DOT 4 is a polyethylene glycol based fluid. Fluids such as DOT 3 are hygroscopic and will absorb water from the atmosphere. This degrades the performance of the fluid by drastically reducing its boiling point. In a passenger car this is not much of an issue, but can be of serious concerns in race cars or motorcycles. DOT 4 is one of several designations of brake fluid denoting a particular mixture of chemicals imparting specified ranges of boiling point. The glycol brake fluids are in good demand and many manufacturers compete in a large market. Different mixes would be used depending on the aim, e.g. low price, good race performance, low moisture absorption for long life, etc. Glycol based fluids are two times less compressible than silicone type fluids, even when heated. Less compressibility of brake fluid will increase pedal feel (firmness), but in either case this effect is minimal. The US Army has used silicone brake fluid exclusively since 1982 successfully. Glycols are hygroscopic and will absorb water from the atmosphere, reducing the boiling point of the fluid and degrading hydraulic efficiency. Changing fluid on a regular basis will greatly increase the performance of the brake system, but this is often not a concern in passenger cars. On the other hand, changing fluid at least every several years will preserve the life of brake system components (by removing accumulated water and other contaminants) and increase the overall reliability of the brake system. Polyethylene glycol and other brake fluid ingredients may be corrosive to paint and finished surfaces such as chrome and thus care should be taken when working with the fluid. In the recent survey, the market of auto industry will expand to its double in the coming years. Auto lubricants have always been the highest demanded product in the past and continue to be in the present as well. The entry of latest innovations and scientific enhancements, the demand of the auto lubricant has climbed the highest peak ever. The Indian lubricants industry claims to be the sixth largest in the world. It has the presence of almost all major MNCs which include Shell, Mobil, Gulf Oil, Caltex. Some of these oil majors have even tied up or renewed old ties with public sector undertakings, thereby gaining the advantage of distribution and infrastructural networks. The industry is being constrained by high petroleum prices. Until the 1980s, lubricants produced in the country were basically simple blends based on low and medium level technologies. More sophisticated lubricants were imported and these accounted for a relatively small market. Product variation is fairly extensive depending on the requirements of the segment served. In many cases, specific customers have their own special requirements. The lubricants market was dominated by three public sector refinery companies: (i) Bharat Petroleum (ii) Indian Oil Corporation, and (iii) Hindustan Petroleum. Small contributions came in from BPL and private players like Castrol. Lubrizol India and Indian Additives came into existence for manufacturing sophisticated lubricant additives with the collaboration of Lubrizol and Chevron, respectively. There is a good market potential for this product. Any new entrepreneur venture in this field will be successful.
Plant capacity: 500 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: 110 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 404 Lakhs
Return: 43.00%Break even: 69.00%
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PLASTIC INJECTION MOULDING PLANT FOR AUTO PARTS - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Plastic Injection molding is a manufacturing process for producing parts from both thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic materials. Material is fed into a heated barrel, mixed, and forced into a mold cavity where it cools and hardens to the configuration of the mold cavity. After an industrial designer or an engineer designs a product, usually, molds are made by a mold maker (or toolmaker) from metal, usually either steel or aluminium, and precision-machined to form the features of the desired part. Injection molding is widely used for manufacturing a variety of parts, from the smallest component to entire body panels of cars. It is also used to create many things such as wire spools, packaging, bottle caps, automotive dashboards, pocket combs, and most other plastic products available today. Injection molding is the most common method of part manufacturing. It is ideal for producing high volumes of the same object. Some advantages of injection molding are high production rates, repeatable high tolerances, the ability to use a wide range of materials, low labour cost, minimal scrap losses, and little need to finish parts after molding. India automotive industry is expected to grow in another ten years. The Indian automotive industry is growing at a very high rate with sales of more than one million passenger vehicles per annum. The overall growth rate is 10-15 per cent annually. The entire car market was likely to witness a fair amount of churning in the coming years. This will definitely be a driving force for a high demand of auto components. India is the worlds second largest manufacturer of two-wheelers, fifth largest manufacturers of commercial vehicles as well as largest manufacturer of tractors. It is the fourth largest passenger car market in Asia and home to the largest motorcycle manufacturer. Coming to the Auto-component sector, the total market size of the auto-components industry is estimated at over Rs 700 billion. The industry estimates that the Indian components industry will grow to over Rs 950 billion by 2010. The overall investment in the components industry is estimated at Rs 288 billion. Indigenous firms like Bharat Forge, Sundaram Fasteners, Minda Industries and Gabrial India Ltd. are in the limelight. There is a boom in the auto components segment because of strong demand and robust economy. Also, the industry has strong forward and backward linkages with almost every other engineering segment. The component production range includes engine parts 31%, drive transmission and steering parts 19%, suspension and braking parts 12%, electrical parts 10%, equipments 12%, body and chassis 9% and others 7%. The auto component suppliers are emerging as systems suppliers with capacity to design and develop critical parts. The Indian automobile components industry has, no doubt, significant cost advantages, primarily due to lower labour cost. There is a very wide scope and good market potential of products manufactured in this sector. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Hanil Lear India Pvt. Ltd. Hi-Tech Elastomers Ltd. Machino Plastics Ltd. Tata Auto Plastic Systems Ltd. Varroc Engineering Pvt. Ltd.
Plant capacity: 300000 Nos. Car Fender, 75000 Nos. Car Bumper, 75000 Nos. Car Dash Board Per AnnumPlant & machinery: 1055 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 1401 Lakhs
Return: 45.00%Break even: 40.00%
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BICYCLE TUBES AND MOTORCYCLE TUBES - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Bicycle and motorcycle tubes are the backbone of the bicycle and motorcycle industries. Few numbers of companies in the organized sectors are engaged in the quality grade cycles tyres and tubes and few unorganized sector are also engaged in manufacturing bicycle tyre and tubes. An inner tube is basically a doughnut-shaped balloon, with a valve for inflation. The only requirement for an inner tube is that it should not leak. Being rubber, they have no rigid structure. If an inner tube is inflated outside of a tire, it will expand to 2 or 3 times its nominal size, if it doesn't explode first. Without being surrounded by a tire, an inner tube can't withstand any significant air pressure. Most of the basic raw materials are indigenously available but there is short supply of natural rubber and butyl rubber, it is required to import. Basic technology is also indigenously available in India. Plants and machineries are indigenously available. The market for tubes for bicycle and motorcycle is directly related to the demand for bicycle and motorcycle. Every bicycle and motorcycle manufactured will need a tube for its tire. So an analysis of bicycle and motorcycle production will provide a clear picture of demand for tubes. With a production of about 4.5 million vehicles in 2001-02 and over 8.5 million vehicles now, India is the second largest producer of 2-wheelers worldwide, which includes motorcycles, scooters and mopeds. There has been a steady growth in the demand for motorcycles in India. It has become a youth icon, particularly among the urban youth charged by speed and style which motorcycles impart to their personality. The motorcycles overtook scooters in 1998-99 and have not looked back. The scenario for 2006-07 conformed to the sustained performance in the recent past with sales at over 7 million, higher by over 16.5% on the preceding year's sales. In 2008-09 (first 8 months) sales at 2.85 million were higher by 14.5% than in the comparable period of 2007-08. The total market of motorcycles was estimated at Rs 220 billion in 2007-08, a decline of 5% over that of preceding year. The growing demand of 2/3 wheelers and bicycle will definitely give rise to high demand of tubes in the coming years. There is a good market potential and good scope for all new entrepreneurs to venture into this sector. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Atlas Cycles (Haryana) Ltd. Avon Cycles Ltd. Dewan Steels Ltd. Hero Cycles Ltd. National Bicycle Corpn. Of India Ltd.
Plant capacity: 300000 Nos. Bicycle Tubes, 300000 Nos. Motorcycle TubesPlant & machinery: 105 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 240 Lakhs
Return: 43.00%Break even: 50.00%
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GOOD PROSPECTS - FORGING UNIT FOR AUTOMOBILE SPARE PARTS - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Plant Layout

The forging industry, as it is known today, makes use of various types of forging equipment for the practical duplication of forged parts for commercial services. Such forging equipment includes the drop hammer, the mechanical and hydraulic forging press, and the single and double frame general forging hammers. Steel forging is a process to shape various steel products without any air cavity according to users requirement. The most used are in axels, steering gears and components for automobiles industrial machinery, agriculture implement, machine tools, defence etc. Normally two types of forgings are used. These are closed die forging and open die forging. Open forging are used in manufacturing of shaft for electric motors turbines, agricultural implements, industrial machinery etc, while closed die is used mainly for railways and automobile industry. All the types of vehicles need forged products, however, in terms of per unit requirement, two wheeler require very small quantity compared to four wheelers. Steel is the only raw material required for steel forging. The era of modern growth in India has its first foot prints on automobile industry. New models of cars, scooter, buses, etc, not only providing increased oxygen to auto ancillary industry but to many industries like steel forging, casting, automobile paints etc. However, the trend in steel forging is encouraging in the automobile industry in last ten years. India enjoys advantages in exports of forging because of cheaper technical and skilled manpower as compared to that available in developed countries because of strict environmental laws. USA, Russia, Other countries of Eastern Europe are the major importers of steel forging of specialized applications. There is a considerable potential for upgradation of skills, equipment and technology in the Indian forgings sector. The future of steel forging is associated with the development of the automobile industry. Since the automobile industry is getting metamorphosed with the entry of the multinationals, the steel forging industry can look forward to impressive growth with high value addition. Automotive Industry comprises of automobile and auto component sectors and is one of the key drivers of the national economy as it provides large-scale employment, having a strong multiplier effect. Being one of the largest industries in India, this industry has been witnessing impressive growth during the last two decades. The boom in automobile industry has helped steel forging industry growing vertically and horizontally. However the growth in steel forging has been less than the growth in automobile industry. As it has been indicated the four-wheel automobile industry has grown at the rate of 12.80 percent per annum the consumption of steel forging in automobile industry has increased at a lower rate. The reasons are many folded. Thus there is a vast scope for new units to come up. However, they have to take into consideration the requirements of automobile particularly four-wheel manufacturers and gear up their capacities accordingly. Auto majors in the country are enjoying the best growth phase ever. With sales up for 13 months in a row, the coming months is also expected to be closed on a high note. India is estimated to post a robust economic growth of 8.3 per cent in 2010, according to a recently released report titled 'Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2010' by the United Nations. The country's automobile sector, primarily passenger vehicles segment have registered a growth of 33.93 per cent in sales in April 2010. Indian companies are very optimistic. The Auto Components Manufacturers Association (ACMA) along with McKinsey has pegged domestic demand for components at $20-25 billion in 2015 from $1.4 billion in 2004-05. This would take the overall industry size to $40-45 billion by 2015 in India. The Indian automotive industry has made rapid strides since delicensing witnessing the entry of several new manufacturers with state-of-the-art technology. There is good potential to venture into this field.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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U-BOLTS AND CENTRE BOLTS - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Bolts in various dimensions & head-shapes are available. Bolts, preferably used in through holes with the help of an appropriate nut, are generally with of square/hexagonal heads. Bolts can be supplied unfinished, semi-finished & fully finished conditions. Automotive bolts have hexagonal head. These bolts have greater head depth than regular bolts but have less width across flats. Limits of tolerances are well defined by international standards for over all dimensions. Top of the head is flat and chamfered at an angle 30º while the bearing surface is washer-faced. Either coarse or fine threads of class- 2A are used. Leaf springs are used in automobile vehicles as suspension members. There are two basic types of leaf springs: Multi leaf spring, and Single leaf spring. The multi leaf spring is made up of a series of flat steel plates of graduated length placed one above the other. These plates or leaves are held together at the centre by a centre bolt which passes through concentric holes made in all the leaves. The longest or `master leaf is rolled at both ends to form spring eyes through which bolts are placed to attach the spring ends. U-bolts are used at appropriate distances on the length of leaf springs to hold all the individual leaves intact at their places. This means that with each leaf spring, one centre bolt and more than one U-bolt are used in any leaf spring design. U-bolts and centre leaves are also used on loco suspension leaf springs like auto leaf springs by cold forging of special alloy steels which is the proper technique to make such high tensile bolts. Header, pointer, trimmer and mechanical/hydraulic thread rolling operations are successively undertaken on selected alloy steel wire/rod coil to manufacture bolts. Thereafter, these are drum washed, degreased and dried prior to heat treatment. Also phosphating and zinc plating can be done on these bolts to protect surface from erosion/corrosion. Technical know-how for these bolts is indigenously available. U-bolts are made by press bending straight bolts threaded at both ends. 10 mm to 25 mm steel rods are used as the starting raw material for making these bolts, depending on size of the leaf spring. Fasteners mainly cover nuts, bolts, screws, studs and rivets and are segmented between MS (mild steel) and HT (high tensile) fasteners. These fasteners are used in engineering systems. All types of fasteners, except high tensile and special type fasteners, are reserved for the SSI sector. The overall fasteners market is estimated at about Rs 28 bn. While the organized sector (HT fasteners) has a share of 65%, the balance of 35% is shared by unorganized sector and imports. The imports in 2006-07 were Rs 8 bn, leaving Rs 2 bn or 7% as the market for the unorganized sector in value terms. The market is heavily dependent on imports which have been growing at close to 28.5% in recent period. The boom has been due mainly to the upswing witnessed by the automobile sector, the main end-user industry, accounting for almost half of the demand for fasteners. There is a very good scope in this sector and new entrepreneurs should venture into this field. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Agarwal Bolts Ltd. Brihan Maharashtra Steel Inds. Ltd. Caparo Engineering India Pvt. Ltd. Coventry Spring & Engg. Co. Ltd. Dev Fasteners Ltd. G K W Ltd. G S Auto International Ltd. Gripwell Industries Ltd. Hindusthan Engineering & Inds. Ltd. Holtzman Systems Ltd. I S P L Industries Ltd. Indian Fasteners Ltd. Indian Steel & Wire Products Ltd. Jaico Steel Fasteners Ltd. M C S Fasteners (India) Ltd. Mangal Steel Enterprises Ltd. Map Auto Ltd. Mohindra Fasteners Ltd. Needle Industries (India) Pvt. Ltd. Patheja Forgings & Auto-Parts Mfrs. Ltd. Pooja Forge Ltd. Rambal Properties Pvt. Ltd. Ramesh Auto Inds. Ltd. Rockfort Fasteners Ltd. Simmonds Marshall Ltd. Sky Industries Ltd. Steelite Engineering Ltd. Sundram Fasteners Ltd. T A L Precision Parts Ltd. Technocraft Industries (India) Ltd. Viraj Profiles Ltd.
Plant capacity: U-Bolt & Nut 600 MT/Annum, Centre Bolt & Nut 900 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: 162 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 343 Lakhs
Return: 42.00%Break even: 57.00%
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TYRES AND TUBES FOR BICYCLE AND RICKSHAW - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Tyres and Tubes are the backbone of the bicycle and rickshaw. Bicycle and rickshaw continues to be the principal mode of transport for the low and middle income families. This is because the bicycle is both environment and people friendly. India is largest producer of bicycle next to only china. The future of the bicycle industry is bright. However, for survival the companies have to successfully restructure and modernize to achieve global competitiveness in terms of quality, cost and distribution system. The tyre & tube industry is a major consumer of the domestic rubber production. Cycle rickshaw is a local means of finance and also known as pedicarb, cycle or rickshaw in different parts of the world. Cycle rickshaws are human powered i.e. pulled by a person by foot. There is very good domestic as well as export demand of bicycle and rickshaw tyres and tubes. The entrepreneurs venture in to this project will be successful. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Govind Rubber Ltd. Krypton Industries Ltd. Pavan Tyres Ltd. Poddar Tyres Ltd. Ralson (India) Ltd. Ralson Industries Ltd.
Plant capacity: 300000 Nos. Tyres & 300000 Nos. TubesPlant & machinery: 158 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 351 Lakhs
Return: 42.00%Break even: 53.00%
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Lead Acid Battery - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Profile: The lead-acid storage battery, an important energy storage device, is the most widely used secondary storage cell by automobile and other industries. Storage cells are devices which release a flow of electron through an external circuit as a result of reactions occurring between the active electrode materials and ions transported by the electrolyte. The cells in which the reactions are reversible are called secondary cells. In these cells the active materials can be returned to their original state by applying electrical current from an external source in the opposite direction to the flow of the cells discharge current. We are dependent on lead acid batteries for many uses in our lives that can be subdivided into four broad categories: engine starting, motive power and standby power, valve regulated battery. There are two distinct designs of recombination battery currently use: Absorbed electrolyte and Gelled electrolyte. Lead acid battery industry is divided into three main sectors: SLI batteries, industrial batteries and transaction batteries. SLI batteries are primarily used in motor vehicle. Industrial batteries include those used for uninterrupted power supply and transaction batteries are used to power electric vehicles such as forklifts. Characteristics: The lead battery uses lead oxide as the active material of the positive electrode and metallic lead in a high surface area porous structure, as the negative material. The physical and chemical properties of these materials are listed below: • Typically a charged positive electrode contains both variations, ? PbO2 (Orthorhombic) and ? PbO2 (Tetragonal) • The equilibrium potential of the ? PbO2 is more positive than that of ? PbO2 by 0.01V. • The cured plate consists of lead sulphate, lead oxide and some residual lead (?5%). • The electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution, about 1.28 specific gravity or 37% acid by weight in a fully charged condition. • As the cell discharges, both electrodes are converted to lead sulfate and the process reverses on charge. Application: The lead acid battery is used in a wide variety of applications, and in the past few years many new applications have arisen: • The most common use of the lead acid battery is for starting, lighting, and ignition in automobiles and other vehicles with internal combustion engines. • Lead acid batteries are used as the power source in off the road vehicles such as golf carts, forklift trucks, mining vehicles, and construction and industrial equipment. • It also has applications in DC Power System which includes a battery charger (rectifier/charger) which has a sufficient capacity to recharge the batteries at the proper voltage while simultaneously supplying power to the dc load. • In Static uninterruptible AC Power System (UPS) a storage battery is linked to the utility power to provide a continuity of service in the event of an interruption of the utility power. • Valve regulated batteries are used for standby applications such as in telephonic systems, uninterruptible power systems, burglar, fire alarms and emergency lighting. Global Scenario Lead acid batteries are considered to have one of the fastest global growth rates. Usage of lead acid battery is expected to grow further with technological advancements in the electric vehicles market. Although efforts are on to develop a miracle battery for electric vehicles, lead acid batteries are one of the few battery technologies that are considered as the workhorses of today’s Electric Vehicle fleet. The influx of cutting edge technology has brought forth a new genre of long lasting, lead acid batteries featuring smaller size and lightweight attributes. The global market for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) is forecast to reach US$15.4 billion by the year 2015, charged by sustained demand from automobiles industry, specifically the aftermarket/replacement market. Emergence of next generation electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) will further drive the market. Since there is a huge demand for Lead acid battery in market therefore the entrepreneur venturing in this field expects an enormous success.
Plant capacity: 300000 Nos./AnnumPlant & machinery: 416 Lakhs
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of project : 1327 Lakhs
Return: 44.00%Break even: 56.00%
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CNG Cylinders - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics

Profile Compressed Natural Gas Cylinders is also called as Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV). The natural gas cylinders have various design types based on materials of construction used. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a substitute for gasoline (petrol) or diesel fuel. It is considered to be an environmentally clean alternative to those fuels. It is a gaseous fuel and is a mixture of hydrocarbons mainly Methane (CH4) extracted from natural gas. The absence of carbon and other particulates result in negligible amount of harmful elements in exhaust fumes. It is stored and distributed in hard containers, usually cylinders. For use in Automobiles as fuel, it is compressed to a pressure of 200 to 250 Kg/cm2 to enhance the vehicle on board storage capacity. This natural gas remains clear, odourless, and non corrosive although vehicles can use natural gas as either a liquid or a gas. CNG cylinders are designed for a specified nominal service pressure at a specified temperature essentially a specified density (kg/m3) of fuel. This will result in a given mass of natural gas stored in the fuel container. The actual pressure in the fuel container will vary from the nominal service pressure as the temperature of the fuel in the container varies. Fuelling stations normally fill the cylinder up 125% of nominal service pressure to avoid under charging but this highly depends to ambient temperature. Specifications of the cylinder • Capacity = 18 litres • Outer diameter (D) 232 mm • Length (approx) 735 mm • Weight 34.5 Kgs • Plate thickness 6.1 mm Uses of C.N.G. Cylinder • Motorcycles and three wheelers: Natural gas can be used to fuel almost any kind of vehicle motorcycles and three wheelers, cars, vans & pickups, lift trucks, buses, trucks, trains, boats, even aircraft. • Lift Trucks: Available ex manufacturer in some countries CNG is ideal for lift trucks, due in part to the low emissions of CNG engines and ability to refuel on site. • Buses: Urban buses are one of the most popular uses for natural gas, usually utilizing CNG but occasionally using liquefied natural gas (LNG). • Trucks: Trucks that do lower mileages or that return to a base frequently will often be suited for CNG, while trucks that do higher mileages might be more suited for LNG. • Boats: Boats can make use of CNG or LNG and, while still small in number, are becoming a popular choice for ferries or vessels which operate fixed routes. • Aircraft: Light aircraft in Brazil have been using CNG on an experimental basis. The use of natural gas to fuel aircraft has only been conducted to date on an experimental basis, but the range of experiments conducted shows the flexibility of the fuel. The cost of CNG can be as little as half that of a gallon of gas if you use a home re fuelling device. And at commercial stations, the cost is still less than gasoline. Drivers are not expected to notice a significant difference in performance between a CNG powered vehicle and one fuelled by gasoline. CNG is much cleaner burning than gasoline. Market Scenario CNG market in India is primarily focused on light duty vehicles. So, there is a significant opportunity with the companies to bring their cost effective solutions to the medium and heavy-duty truck and transit bus market, stationary generators of all sizes, and so on. Despite the steady increase in Indias natural gas production, demand has outstripped supply and the country has been a net importer of natural gas since 2004. Indias net imports reached an estimated 429 billion cubic feet (BCF) in 2010. Natural gas presently constitutes about 10 percent of the countries energy basket. Indias hydrocarbon vision statement envisages the share of natural gas to be about 25 percent by 2025. ?
Plant capacity: 500 Nos/dayPlant & machinery: 1113 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 3174 Lakhs
Return: 41.00%Break even: 32.00%
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CNG Cylinders - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics

Profile Compressed Natural Gas Cylinders is also called as Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV). The natural gas cylinders have various design types based on materials of construction used. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a substitute for gasoline (petrol) or diesel fuel. It is considered to be an environmentally clean alternative to those fuels. It is a gaseous fuel and is a mixture of hydrocarbons mainly Methane (CH4) extracted from natural gas. The absence of carbon and other particulates result in negligible amount of harmful elements in exhaust fumes. It is stored and distributed in hard containers, usually cylinders. For use in Automobiles as fuel, it is compressed to a pressure of 200 to 250 Kg/cm2 to enhance the vehicle on board storage capacity. This natural gas remains clear, odourless, and non corrosive although vehicles can use natural gas as either a liquid or a gas. CNG cylinders are designed for a specified nominal service pressure at a specified temperature essentially a specified density (kg/m3) of fuel. This will result in a given mass of natural gas stored in the fuel container. The actual pressure in the fuel container will vary from the nominal service pressure as the temperature of the fuel in the container varies. Fuelling stations normally fill the cylinder up 125% of nominal service pressure to avoid under charging but this highly depends to ambient temperature. Specifications of the cylinder • Capacity = 18 litres • Outer diameter (D) 232 mm • Length (approx) 735 mm • Weight 34.5 Kgs • Plate thickness 6.1 mm Uses of C.N.G. Cylinder • Motorcycles and three wheelers: Natural gas can be used to fuel almost any kind of vehicle motorcycles and three wheelers, cars, vans & pickups, lift trucks, buses, trucks, trains, boats, even aircraft. • Lift Trucks: Available ex manufacturer in some countries CNG is ideal for lift trucks, due in part to the low emissions of CNG engines and ability to refuel on site. • Buses: Urban buses are one of the most popular uses for natural gas, usually utilizing CNG but occasionally using liquefied natural gas (LNG). • Trucks: Trucks that do lower mileages or that return to a base frequently will often be suited for CNG, while trucks that do higher mileages might be more suited for LNG. • Boats: Boats can make use of CNG or LNG and, while still small in number, are becoming a popular choice for ferries or vessels which operate fixed routes. • Aircraft: Light aircraft in Brazil have been using CNG on an experimental basis. The use of natural gas to fuel aircraft has only been conducted to date on an experimental basis, but the range of experiments conducted shows the flexibility of the fuel. The cost of CNG can be as little as half that of a gallon of gas if you use a home re fuelling device. And at commercial stations, the cost is still less than gasoline. Drivers are not expected to notice a significant difference in performance between a CNG powered vehicle and one fuelled by gasoline. CNG is much cleaner burning than gasoline. Market Scenario CNG market in India is primarily focused on light duty vehicles. So, there is a significant opportunity with the companies to bring their cost effective solutions to the medium and heavy-duty truck and transit bus market, stationary generators of all sizes, and so on. Despite the steady increase in Indias natural gas production, demand has outstripped supply and the country has been a net importer of natural gas since 2004. Indias net imports reached an estimated 429 billion cubic feet (BCF) in 2010. Natural gas presently constitutes about 10 percent of the countries energy basket. Indias hydrocarbon vision statement envisages the share of natural gas to be about 25 percent by 2025. ?
Plant capacity: 500 Nos/dayPlant & machinery: 1113 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 3174 Lakhs
Return: 41.00%Break even: 32.00%
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ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE DIOXIDE - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

EMD is a complex composite of various crystals of manganese and oxygen that is produced through electro-winning. It is used primarily as the active constituent of alkaline batteries and increasingly as the feedstock for the cathodic material in lithium-ion batteries. The structure of EMD is highly disordered, but predominantly made up of the manganese dioxide crystal ramsdellite, depicted here, with the red balls signifying the oxygen atoms in the green manganese dioxide crystal lattice. Electrolytic manganese dioxide is a high purity product with molecular formula MnO2 that possesses the ‘recipe specific’ electrical characteristics desired by battery producers. Natural manganese dioxide (NMD) can be used in the Leclanche cells. But in alkaline, lithium and other batteries, synthetic managanese dioxide with higher purity is required. Electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) is used as a cathode mixture material for dry cell batteries, such as alkaline batteries, zinc-carbon batteries rechargeable alkaline batteries. Among the large variety of manganese dioxides, y-type managanese dioxide is extensively used, as y-variety compounds have high intercalation voltage. They have the ability to maintain high discharge rates, a good performance over a wide temperature range and have a long storage life. EMD is stable under normal temperature conditions. ELECTROLYTIC MAGNESIUM DIOXIDE NUCLEATION: Electrolytic manganese dioxide has been used worldwide in the manufacture of primary ZnMnO2 alkaline and Lechlanche type cells for decades. Their low cost and reliability impair their replacement by higher performance and secondary batteries. The performance of these batteries depends on the manufacture method of the manganese oxide due to the variation of the properties of the oxide with its crystallite size, density of lattice imperfections and extent of hydration. Sometimes the intercalation of lithium ions is carried out to improve performance characteristics of MnO2, for high energy density and high drain power application. Electrolytic manganese dioxide are doped with Bi, Pb and Ti ions is used for the manufacture of rechargeable alkaline manganese oxide cells. These ions are known to stabilize the MnO2 lattice towards dimensional changes that occur during charging and discharging cycles of the cells. The production of EMD is carried out through the electrolysis of hot MnSO4 and sulphuric acid solutions. Stainless steel or lead is the materials normally used as cathode, where hydrogen evolution takes place. Carbon, lead or titanium can be used as anode. Titanium anodes are preferred because the EMD is purer than that obtained with carbon and lead anodes. MARKET SCENARIO: As electric vehicles penetrate the auto market, EMD demand stands to benefit. The launch of electric cars and their expanding production is expected to increase demand for EMD for use in lithium-ion secondary batteries cathodes of the lithium manganese oxide and tertiary compound type. The highest potential growth segment for EMD is in large scale rechargeable batteries used in electric vehicles and electronics. At present, the rechargeable manganese battery segments account for less than 10% of total EMD demand. Alkaline batteries are a low growth end use, expected to track well below GDP growth rates over the forecast period. In small scale electronics, EMD use projected at historical growth rates of 4%. EMD is mostly used in alkaline and other small scale, consumer electronic batteries. World demand is estimated around 3,50,000 metric tonnes per annum in 2012 with growth rate in demand around 5%.
Plant capacity: Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide 5 MT Per DayPlant & machinery: 89 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: 576 Lakhs
Return: 27.00%Break even: 57.00%
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