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Mining, Quarrying, Mineral and Ore Processing, Coal, Iron Ore, Limestone, Chromite and Granite Mining Projects

India is home to a myriad of metals and minerals. Globally, the country is the largest producer of sheet mica, the third largest producer of coal, the fourth largest producer of iron ore and the fifth largest producer of bauxite. Besides these natural resources, India also hosts significant reserves of copper, zinc, gold and about 26 other metallic and minor minerals. The Indian mining sector is largely state-dominated, but the government is now seeking a phased withdrawal of its participation from the non-strategic metal sector in order to encourage private players to take the centre stage.

The vast bulk of our built environment is formed from raw materials won from the earth by the extractive industries.  Without the raw materials with which to build houses, hospitals, schools, factories, roads, etc., life would certainly be more basic and less comfortable than we presently experience. Quarrying or mining is an important practice in India. A quarry is a type of open surface working from which virgin rock or minerals are extracted, each quarry is very different and will use different types of quarry equipment. The design and general running operation of a quarry depends on the type of rock being extracted, the general environment surrounding the quarry, the size of the quarry and the geography and geology of the general area.Drilling and blasting are two important parts of the quarrying process. Marble, granite, sandstone, gravel, limestone etc are all quarried. Stone quarrying is the multistage process by which rock is extracted from the ground and crushed to produce aggregate, which is then screened into the sizes required for immediate use, or for further processing.

Mineral processingis the practice of beneficiating valuable minerals from their ores. Industrial mineral treatment processes usually combine a number of unit operations in order to liberate and separate minerals by exploiting the differences in physical properties of the different minerals that make up an ore. Mineral processing involves four general types of operations: comminution or particle size reduction, sizing or separation of particle sizes by screening or classification, concentration by taking advantage of physical and surface chemical properties, and dewatering or solid/liquid separation. Ore processingis generally crushing and separating ore into valuable substances or waste by any of a variety of techniques. The processing of the ore is often just as challenging and expensive, which takes place in refineries, smelters and mills.

India’s mining sector will continue to post impressive over the forecast period driven by strong domestic demand. The long-term prospects of the sector like that of the Indian economy remain very positive. However, in 2009 growth in US dollar terms stood at just 1.6%, while growth in 2009 is expected to be negligible as the global economic crisis impacts exports in key sectors such as iron ore, bauxite and copper. The market should return to strength in 2010, and by 2013, it is forecast by analyst that the mining industry will reach a total value of US$45.40billion. In April 2009, it was reported by Bloomberg that Indian iron ore exports would drop by at least 25% in the fiscal year, after competitors began offering major price discounts.

India has one of the largest reserves ofgranite in the world and exported Rs 2,600 crore (Rs 26 billion) worth of thestone last year. Granite exports this fiscal are expected to touch Rs 2,800 crore (Rs 28 billion) and nearly one-fourth of these exports is accounted for by monument stones.

Indian granite exports have declined 33 per cent between 2006-07 and 2008-09. The sector, which relies heavily on American and European demand, was among the first to feel the heat of the sub-prime crisis. Its export revenues fell steeply in 2007-08, even before there were visible signs of a slowdown in Indian housing and industry.

According to data provided by CAPEXIL, the value of granite export from India was Rs 2,738 crore in 2008-09, compared with Rs 4,086 crore in 2006-07. In 2007-08, the export value stood at Rs 3,367 crore. In terms of volume, the country exported 30 lakh tonnes of granite in 2008-09, compared with 31 lakh tonnes in 2006-07. In 2007-08, it was 34.12 lakh tonnes. Unlike the trend with respect to values, volumes actually rose in 2007-08, but fell below 2006-07 levels in 2008-09.

What perhaps explains the increase in volumes in 2007-08 is that polished granite, which commands a better price, was substituted by semi-finished blocks. Yet, prices in the latter category remained unattractive, reflecting the severity of the recession. Volumes increased by 10.2 per cent in 2007-08 over the previous year, while revenue earned from exports decreased by 17.6 per cent this year. The decline in export earnings and volumes was more pronounced in 2008-09. Export fell 18.7 per cent in value terms, while volumes were down 12.1 per cent. Exports revenue largely remained flat at Rs 1478.95 crore in 2009, compared with RS 1479.44 crore in 2008. In 2007, it was Rs 1703.37 crore. Granite accounts for 10 per cent of India’s minerals’ output. Over the last three decades the Indian granite industry has modernized to global standards. Sculptures and monuments made in India are being exported all over the world.

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Iron ore Pelletization - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Iron ore pellets are spheres of typically 8-18mm (0.31-0.71 inch) to be used as raw material for blast furnace. They typically contain 67-72% Fe and various additional materials adjusting the chemical composition and the metallurgic properties of the pellets. Pellet plants can produce two varieties of pellets: blast furnace pellets and direct reduction (DR pellets) pellets. Blast furnace pellets are used in the coke based blast furnace process, which is most common method of producing hot metal (molten iron for steel making). It is mainly used in steel mills, where as DR pellet are used in the direct reduction processes to produce sponge iron, which is an alternative process route, as an initial stage from iron to steel. There are good demand of iron ore pellets, so new entrepreneurs can well venture in to this field.
Plant capacity: 1200000 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: 3801 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 6183 Lakhs
Return: 47.00%Break even: 45.00%
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CALCINED BAUXITE - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Layout

Calcined bauxite is an important raw material for two main markets: refractories and abrasives. Smaller volumes are consumed in other applications including proppants, welding fluxes, and antiskid surfaces. While the process of calcining bauxite for each of these applications is fundamentally the same. Calcined bauxite is in pure form and in different particle size. Calcined bauxite is widely used in various industries such as refractories, steel plants and so on. Calcined bauxite is one of the chief sources of aluminum. The most important use of bauxite is in metallurgical industry i.e., manufacturing of aluminium. But, it has a few non metallurgical uses also. In most of the uses, however, the products are based on an intermediate product namely, alumina which is made directly from bauxite. The important uses are: Aluminium metal, Semi-fabricated products or semis, Aluminium alloys, Reinforced aluminium composites, Petroleum refining and fertilizer manufacture, Aluminous cement, Proppant in oil wells and Ball mill grinder etc. There is very wide scope and good market potential of products manufactured in this sector.
Plant capacity: 60,000 MT/Annum Plant & machinery: 438 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 1214 Lakhs
Return: 41.00%Break even: 63.00%
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CHROMITE BENEFICIATION PLANT - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Chromite is an oxide of chromium and iron. The chemical composition of chromite is FeO.Cr2O3 or FeCr2O4. Chromite is the only commercial source of chromium. It occurs as a primary mineral of ultrabasic igneous rocks and is normally associated with peridotite, pyroxenite, dunite and serpentinite. World-wide, high-alumina chromite, largely from podiform deposits is used in refractory applications while iron-rich ores, largely from stratiform deposits are utilised in metallurgical and chemical applications. Chromite is an early magmatic oxide mineral. It forms ore bodies by crystallization and segregation. The chromite ore bodies are hosted invariably by the early magmatic silicate rock peridotite, pyroxenite and less commonly by anorthosite. In metallurgy, chromite is used in the manufacture of chromium metal and various alloys with iron, nickel, cobalt, tungsten, molybdenum, etc. Chromium imparts additional strength, hardness and toughness to its alloys. Chromite is used in refractory industry because of its resistance to corrosion, high temperature and ability to withstand sudden temperature changes, and its chemically neutral character. The ore is used in the form of lumps, bricks or cement in linings, specially of steel furnaces. Chromite is used for manufacturing important chromium compounds like chromates and bichromates of sodium and potassium, chromium pigments like chromic oxide green and chromic acid which, in turn, are used in chromium-plating solution. The number of reporting mines was 21 in both the years. Six principal producers operating 12 mines together accounted for 90% of the total production during the year. There is very good scope in this sector and new entrepreneur should venture into this field.
Plant capacity: 18,000 MT/Annum Chromite ConcentratePlant & machinery: 110 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 366 Lakhs
Return: 41.00%Break even: 65.00%
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ALUMINA REFINERY - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Layout

Alumina is a white granular material, a little less coarse than table salt, and is properly called aluminium oxide. Aluminium does not occur as a metal, but must first be refined from bauxite in its oxide form. Aluminium compounds make up 7.3% of the earth's crust, making it the third most common crustal element and the most common crustal metal on earth. Aluminium was first produced in 1808. There are three main steps in the process of aluminium production. First is the mining of aluminium ore, most commonly bauxite, referred to as bauxite mining. Second is the refining of bauxite into aluminium oxide trihydrate (Al2O3), known as alumina, and third is the electrolytically reduction of alumina into metallic aluminium. Development in the aluminium producing industry, consumption and environ¬mental implications are discussed, as well as aspects of future trends. This also includes the preceding processes of bauxite mining and alumina refining. Each of these process steps are described consecutively. Uses & Application Alumina is used in Gas laser tubes, Wear pads, Seal rings, High temperature electrical insulators, High voltage insulators, Furnace liner tubes, Thread and wire guides, Electronic substrates, Ballistic armor, Abrasion resistant tube and elbow liners, Thermometry sensors, Laboratory instrument tubes and sample holders, Instrumentation parts for thermal property test machines & Grinding media Market Survey The markets for alumina and aluminum have dramatic growth potential as a result of both significantly increased demand and political and environmental factors affecting supply. Global Alumina is perfectly positioned to capture the demand of independent aluminum producers as it builds the first green-field refinery to be constructed in Guinea in more than 40 years. Global aluminium prices are likely to go up in the wake of growing demand at domestic and international fronts, coupled with China's step to slash production of the metal. According to Harbor Intelligence, a global consulting firm specialising in forecasts for commodities, aluminium prices could touch $2,700 per tonne in the first half of the next year. In the middle of 2008, industry professionals forecast an increase in annual alumina demand of approximately 50 million metric tons, for a cumulative annual demand of 124 million metric tons, by 2017.
Plant capacity: 1800000 MT/ Annum Plant & machinery: 64454 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 79232 Lakhs
Return: 48.00%Break even: 46.00%
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Calcined Bauxite through Rotary Kiln - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Calcined bauxite is an important raw material for two main markets: refractories and abrasives. Smaller volumes are consumed in other applications including proppants, welding fluxes, and antiskid surfaces. While the process of calcining bauxite for each of these applications is fundamentally the same (i.e. it involves the same basic burning process), the physical and chemical characteristics of each grade vary. Calcined bauxites are classified by their major end uses abrasives and refractories. Target properties are dictated by application and processing requirements. The chemical and physical properties of premium grade calcined bauxites are far more stringent than metallurgical bauxite and this limits its sources and availability. Premium grade calcined bauxites are considered to be strategically critical to the industrialized countries of the world. Subject to disruptions in the key source countries, adequate supplies of premium grade calcined bauxites are anticipated in the foreseeable future. Only a handful of countries produce non metallurgical grade bauxite and not all these sources produce material suitable for certain calcined bauxite applications. Total world reserves of bauxite are estimated at 25m. tonnes. In terms of annual output, non metallurgical bauxite accounts for only 15% of world bauxite mine production capacity and total raw non metallurgical production, calcined bauxite accounts for about 70%. Uses & Application The most important use of bauxite is in metallurgical industry i.e., manufacturing of aluminium. But, it has a few non metallurgical uses also. In most of the uses, however, the products are based on an intermediate product namely, alumina which is made directly from bauxite Market Survey A possible new supplier to the international calcined bauxite markets may be India. India currently imports 40 to 60% (about 100,000 tpa) of its calcined bauxite requirements from China. Spurred by expansion of domestic steel production, a scarcity of acceptable quality of bauxite from China, and rising import costs, drives are now underway in India to produce high grade bauxite from domestic bauxite sources. At present, India is a very minor producer of non metallurgical bauxite, despite having occurrences of high grade bauxite in west coast and central India. This is attributed to limited efforts to test high grade bauxite occurrences in regions outside the main bauxite producing area around Gujarat, and Limited R&D and technology for calcining bauxite. In terms of costs and availability, bauxite in the region is well placed compared to other types of bauxite. The pit head cost of typical bauxite in the mine here works out to be less than $5/tonne. Already, an attempt has been made to produce value added non metallurgical bauxite by de ironing the bauxite by acid leaching. Salient results are encouraging. At Gujarat/ Bhuj in western India, among the larger alumina grade reserves, there is a small quantity (2 to 3m. tonnes) of a marginal grade of 85% Al2O3 refractory grade bauxite Financials & Comparison of Major Players/Companies Bombay Minerals Ltd. Gujarat Bauxite Ltd. Gujarat Mineral Devp. Corpn. Ltd. Hind Aluminium Inds. Ltd. Minerals & Minerals Ltd. Mysore Minerals Ltd. National Aluminium Co. Ltd. Saurashtra Calcine Bauxite & Allied Inds. Ltd. Saurashtra Chemicals Ltd. Shri Nataraj Ceramic & Chemical Inds. Ltd.
Plant capacity: 100 MT/DayPlant & machinery: 825 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 1352 Lakhs
Return: 29.00%Break even: 49.00%
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IRON ORE MINING - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Layout

An ‘Ore’ may be defined as the aggregate of minerals from which a desired constituent mineral can be extracted with profit. The most used of all metals “Iron” is believed to be the ninth most abundant element in the Universe. The tough stuff “Iron” makes up the earth’s core and is considered to be the base of civilization. The concentration of iron in the structure of the earth ranges from almost 80% in the inner core to about 5% in the outer crust. Iron is not found in the free elemental state. As technology advanced during the middle Ages, the trench was replaced by a small shaft furnace, and from this the present day blast furnace has developed. The use of waterpower to operate the blast was introduced during the 14th century. The consequent considerable increase in furnace temperature resulted in the production of iron with a much higher carbon content than formerly, namely cast iron. This was not malleable but it was soon discovered how this might be converted into malleable iron by a second heating in an ample supply of air (refining). The iron industry received a great impetus at the end of the 18th century, when the demand for iron began to increase as a result of the invention of the steam engine and the railway. The shortage of wood charcoal led to the introduction of coke, as fuel and as reducing agent. Coke was first used in the blast furnace by Abraham Darby, in 1732. The refining process underwent fundamental improvements during the 19th century, through the introduction of the blast refining method (Bessemer Process, 1855; Thomas-Gilchrist process, 1878) and of regenerative heating (Siemens-Martin process 1865). Later, smelting in the electric furnace has been introduced for the production of certain high-grade steel. Iron is the cheapest and most widely used metal. Its annual production exceeds by far that of all other metals combined. It comprises approximately 93% of the tonnage of all the metals used. Iron makes 5% of the earth’s crust, and is not found in its elementary form, but in the form of chemical compounds with other elements in hundreds of minerals of importance. It is the most wanted ferrous metal having wide application in several industries. Iron plays a vital role in development of any country. Iron and its alloys specially steel are mainly used in civil and engineering industries without which the entire mankind could not have come to the modern age of high quality living. Iron ore is the most important raw material for making pig iron, sponge iron and steel too. To cater to different product needs, many steel plants and ferro-alloys industries have been set up in India. Iron ore in different form is also used in other industries like cement, foundries, paint and glass. USES & APPLICATION Iron ore is used mainly for making pig iron, sponge iron and steel. Iron and steel together form the largest manufactured products in the world and each of them enters into each branch of industry and is a necessary factor in every phase of our modern civilization. Pure iron has relatively few and quite special uses. Ingot iron is galvanized for roofing, siding and tanks. In the form of corrugated pipe, it is used for culverts. Because of its relatively high purity, it is suited to oxyacetylene welding, both as material to be welded and as welding rod. It is used in vitreous enameling. Its good ductibility makes it suitable for deep drawing operations as in the manufacture of appliance part, e.g. washing machine tube; relatively low electrical resistance and high magnetic permeability lead to its use in many types of electrical equipment, generator fields, magnetic parts of relays, magnetic brakes and clutches. Iron ore is also used in ferro- alloy, cement, foundry, vanaspati and glass factories. MARKET SURVEY The Global Iron Ore Mining industry's financial performance has been highly volatile over the past five years. The industry weathered through triple-digit revenue spikes and double-digit declines. After two years of extraordinary growth in 2010 and, to a lesser extent, 2011, revenue contracted in 2012 due to plummeting prices of iron ore. However, according to IBIS World industry analyst Agiimaa Kruchkin, “In 2013, industry performance is expected to recover on the back of rebounding iron ore prices.” Consequently, industry revenue is expected to grow 4.7% to total $264.3 billion over the year. Profit has been similarly unstable, though it has increased overall at an annualized rate of 5.5% to about 43.2% of revenue in 2013. Despite a volatile performance, tremendous growth over the period has ultimately offset any declines, leading to estimated average annual revenue growth of 14.6% in the five years to 2013. Growth for the Global Iron Ore Mining industry has primarily occurred on the back of higher iron ore output and prices. Strong growth in large emerging nations, such as China and India, has driven the demand for iron ore and underpinned higher prices during most of the five-year period; as a result, industry revenue and profit have expanded rapidly. “The industry’s major players, such as Vale and Rio Tinto, have all benefited from these positive conditions, which have allow these companies to acquire several smaller companies over the period and increase market share,” says Kruchkin. Nonetheless, the industry retains its low-to-moderate market share concentration. Total iron ore production worldwide is expected to reach about 2.87 billion metric tons in 2013 (compared with 2.10 billion metric tons in 2008). More than half of this total will be traded internationally. Trade occurs primarily between regions rather than within regions, although there is some intraregional trade in Europe and North America. The major importing regions are North Asia and Europe, while the major exporting regions are South America and Oceania. Following the recession, most iron ore supply contracts shifted from annual pricing (which has been the norm since the 1960s) to more flexible quarterly or even monthly pricing. PRESENT MANUFACTURERS A Narrain Mines Ltd. B G H Exim Ltd. Chowgule & Co. (Salt) Ltd. Concast Steel & Power Ltd. East India Minerals Ltd. Electrosteel Castings Ltd. Essel Mining & Inds. Ltd. Femnor Mineral (India) Ltd. Frontline Corporation Ltd. Gimpex Ltd. Godawari Power & Ispat Ltd. Grace Industries Ltd. H L L Lifecare Ltd. I B C Ltd. Indian Potash Ltd. Jain Granites & Projects India Ltd. K I O C L Ltd. K N R Infrastructure Projects Pvt. Ltd. Kalyani Steels Ltd. Kohinoor Steel Pvt. Ltd. M G M Minerals Ltd. M M T C Ltd. M S P L Ltd. M S P Steel & Power Ltd. Maharashtra State Mining Corpn. Ltd. Mangal Steel Enterprises Ltd. Mark Steels Ltd. Metrochem Industries Ltd. Metroglobal Ltd. Monnet Ispat & Energy Ltd. Mysore Minerals Ltd. Mysore Sales International Ltd. Orissa Manganese & Minerals Ltd. Orissa Minerals Development Co. Ltd. Orissa Mining Corpn. Ltd. P K S Ltd. Rameshwara Jute Mills Ltd. Resurgere Mines & Minerals India Ltd. S P S Metal Cast & Alloys Ltd. S P S Steels Rolling Mills Ltd. S T C L Ltd. Sandur Manganese & Iron Ores Ltd. Sanjana Cryogenic Storages Ltd. Sesa Goa Ltd. Sesa Mining Corpn. Ltd. Sesa Resources Ltd. Shri Ramrupai Balaji Steels Ltd. Soneko India Ltd. Sunil Ispat & Power Ltd. Trimex Industries Ltd. Umil Share & Stock Broking Services Ltd. Usha Ispat Ltd.
Plant capacity: 140 MT/DayPlant & machinery: Rs. 358 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs. 635 Lakhs
Return: 28.18%Break even: 57.96%
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Iron Ore Mining (E.O.U) - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

An ‘Ore’ may be defined as the aggregate of minerals from which a desired constituent mineral can be extracted with profit. The most used of all metals “Iron” is believed to be the ninth most abundant element in the Universe. The tough stuff “Iron” makes up the earth’s core and is considered to be the base of civilization. The concentration of iron in the structure of the earth ranges from almost 80% in the inner core to about 5% in the outer crust. Iron is not found in the free elemental state. Iron is the cheapest and most widely used metal. Its annual production exceeds by far that of all other metals combined. It comprises approximately 93% of the tonnage of all the metals used. Iron makes 5% of the earth’s crust, and is not found in its elementary form, but in the form of chemical compounds with other elements in hundreds of minerals of importance. It is the most wanted ferrous metal having wide application in several industries. Iron plays a vital role in development of any country. Iron and its alloys specially steel are mainly used in civil and engineering industries without which the entire mankind could not have come to the modern age of high quality living. Iron ore is used mainly for making pig iron, sponge iron and steel. Iron and steel together form the largest manufactured products in the world and each of them enters into each branch of industry and is a necessary factor in every phase of our modern civilization. The Global Iron Ore Mining industry's financial performance has been highly volatile over the past five years. Thus, due to demand it is a good project for entrepreneurs to invest. Few Indian Major Players are as under • A Narrain Mines Ltd. • B G H Exim Ltd. • Chowgule & Co. (Salt) Ltd. • Concast Steel & Power Ltd. • East India Minerals Ltd. • Electrosteel Castings Ltd. • Essel Mining & Inds. Ltd. • Femnor Mineral (India) Ltd. • Frontline Corporation Ltd. • Gimpex Ltd. • Godawari Power & Ispat Ltd. • Grace Industries Ltd. • H L L Lifecare Ltd. • I B C Ltd. • Indian Potash Ltd. • Jain Granites & Projects India Ltd. • K I O C L Ltd. • Kalyani Steels Ltd. • Kohinoor Steel Pvt. Ltd. • M G M Minerals Ltd. • M M T C Ltd. • M S P L Ltd. • M S P Steel & Power Ltd. • Maharashtra State Mining Corpn. Ltd. • Mangal Steel Enterprises Ltd. • Mark Steels Ltd. • Metrochem Industries Ltd. [Merged] • Metroglobal Ltd. • Monnet Ispat & Energy Ltd. • Mysore Minerals Ltd. • Mysore Sales International Ltd. • Orissa Minerals Development Co. Ltd. • Orissa Mining Corpn. Ltd. • Rameshwara Jute Mills Ltd. • S P S Metal Cast & Alloys Ltd. • S T C L Ltd. • Sandur Manganese & Iron Ores Ltd. • Sanjana Cryogenic Storages Ltd. • Sesa Mining Corpn. Ltd. • Shri Ramrupai Balaji Steels Ltd. [Merged] • Soneko India Ltd. • Trimex Industries Ltd. • Umil Share & Stock Broking Services Ltd. • Usha Ispat Ltd.
Plant capacity: Iron Ore: 800 MT/DayPlant & machinery: Rs 779 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs 2485 Lakhs
Return: 28.00%Break even: 43.00%
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Granite Mining (E.O.U.) - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Granite is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock which is granular and phaneritic in texture. These rocks mainly consist of feldspar, quartz, mica, and amphibole minerals. These form interlocking somewhat equigranular matrix of feldspar and quartz with scattered darker biotite mica and amphibole (often hornblende) peppering the lighter color minerals. Granite is nearly always massive (lacking any internal structures), hard and tough, and therefore it has gained widespread use throughout human history, and more recently as a construction stone. The granite used for decorative purposes is a costly material in comparison with other materials. Granite has been extensively used as a dimension stone and as flooring tiles in public and commercial buildings and monuments. Polished granite is also a popular choice for kitchen countertops due to its high durability and aesthetic qualities. In building and for countertops, the term "granite" is often applied to all igneous rocks with large crystals. Few Indian Major Players are as under • A B N Granites Ltd. • Aankit Granites Ltd. • Apollo Trade Ltd. • Ashok Granites Ltd. • B T W Industries Ltd. • Blazon Marbles Ltd. • Charminar Granites Exports Ltd. • D S Q Granites Ltd. • Deccan Granites Ltd. • Divyashakti Granites Ltd. • East India Granites Ltd. • Eastern Granites Ltd. • G M T Metrology Pvt. Ltd. • Garvee Granite Ltd. • Global Stone India Ltd. • Gopikrishna Granites India Ltd. • Grapco Mining & Co. Ltd. • H J S Stones Ltd. • Hallmark Healthcare Ltd. • Inlac Granston Ltd. • Jaswal Granites Ltd. • Johnmeyers Granite Ltd. • Kesar Marble & Granite Ltd. • Madhav Marbles & Granites Ltd. • Mayur Floorings Ltd. • Medley Minerals India Ltd. • Milestone Global Ltd. • Moh Ltd. • Moolchand Exports Ltd. • Natural Stone Exports Ltd. • Pacific Industries Ltd. • Peethambra Granites Pvt. Ltd. • Pokarna Ltd. • Pooja Granites & Marbles Ltd. • Premier Tubes Ltd. • Premium Ganites Ltd. • Rock Copco Ltd. • Sai Saptagiri Granites Ltd. • Sri Vajra Granites Ltd. • Sun Granite Exports Ltd. • Sun Rock Exports Ltd. • Talavadi Rock & Mineral Products Ltd. • Tamil Nadu Minerals Ltd. • Vertical Industries Ltd. • Viraat Granites Pvt. Ltd. • Virtual Industries Ltd. • Voltas International Ltd.
Plant capacity: Granite: 20 Cu.mt/DayPlant & machinery: Rs 695 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs 1842 Lakhs
Return: 23.00%Break even: 48.00%
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Iron oxide

Iron oxide and oxide-hydroxide are widespread in nature, play an important role in many geological and biological processes, and are widely utilized by humans, e.g., as iron ores, pigments and catalysts in thermite. Common rust is a form of iron (III) oxide. Iron oxides are widely used as inexpensive, durable, pigments in paints, coatings and colored concretes. Colours commonly available are in the “earthy” end of the yellow/orange/red/brown/black range. Iron oxides are produced from ferrous sulfate by heat soaking, removal of water, decomposition, washing, filtration, drying and grinding. Chemical formula: Fe2O3. Appearance: Powder of size around 40 micron. Iron (III) oxide or ferric oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Fe2O3. It is one of the three main oxides of iron. As the mineral known as hematite, Fe2O3 is the main source of the iron for the steel industry. Fe2O3 is ferromagnetic, dark red, and readily attacked by acids. Iron (III) oxide is often called rust. To some extent this label is useful, because rust shares several properties and has a similar composition. To chemists, rust is considered an ill-defined material, described as hydrated ferric oxide The overwhelming application of Iron (III) oxide is as the feedstock of the steel and iron industries, e.g. the production of iron, steel, and many alloys. Black iron oxide has the highest tint strength, generally achieving saturation at 6 percent dosage. Brown has a slightly lower tint strength, levelling -off at approximately 7 percent dosage, followed by 8 percent for red and 9 percent for yellow. The difference in colour/shade between one pigment and another is due to the surface structure of the particle. Pigments of the same family, such as reds for example, could have different undertone. Upon dilution with a white extender, reds may appear purple or pink. The reason for this is that a red pigment particle, depending on its structure, may reflect the red component of light plus a certain amount of blue (purple undertone) or some yellow (pink undertone). They are produced in either anhydrous or hydrated forms. Their range of hues includes yellows, reds, browns and blacks. The food-quality iron oxides are primarily distinguished from technical grades by their comparatively low levels of contamination by other metals; this is achieved by the selection and control of the source of the iron or by the extent of chemical purification during the manufacturing process. Applications Iron Oxide is a very fine powder of ferric oxide known as “jewellers rouge”, “red rouge”, or simply “rouge”. It is used to put the final polish on metallic jewellery and lenses, and historically as a cosmetic. Rouge is sold as a powder, paste, laced on polishing cloths or solid bar (with a wax or grease binder). Iron(III) oxide is also used as a pigment in cosmetics. Additionally, Iron oxides are used as pigments in dental composites alongside titanium oxides. Iron Oxide pigments are also used in paints and coatings; colour concentrates; and mulch. Iron oxide dispersant is one of many solutions used to purify water in water treatment facilities. It is considered to be a superior phosphate and zinc stabilizer stressed cooling water systems and an excellent iron and sludge dispersant in boilers. Compact pigment : Whereas inorganic binders do not disperse to 100% during the usual mixing times allowed, those prepared with organic wetting and deflocculating agents achieve excellent dispersion and hence provide high tinting strength in concrete products. Bayer developed compacted pigments which also incorporate organic dispersing agents. In making them, a pigment paste is pre-shaped (by the use of perforated rollers or matrices) and the prepared particles are rounded subsequently in granulation drums or on granulation plates. Comparison of natural iron oxide and synthetic iron oxide pigment The use of natural iron oxide pigment dates back centuries to prehistoric times and can be seen in cave paintings around the world. However, natural iron oxide pigments are nearly overshadowed by the synthetic variety, due to its consistency and superior tailor made properties. Synthetically prepared iron oxide pigment has been found to possess better texture, brilliance and staining power compared to natural pigment. When the colour of the paint is important, synthetic iron oxides are predominantly used because they have greater tinting strength than natural oxides. But in primers or undercoats, which are not so colour dependent as the finishing paints, natural iron oxide pigments may be used. Ceramics may also use natural oxides to provide colour for frits and glazes. Iron oxide pigment can be either produced in synthetic process or refined from naturally occurring ore deposits. A number of different processes have been developed for manufacturing synthetic iron oxide pigments. Important actually used production methods are as follows: • Laux process • Calcination process • Penniman process • Precipitation process Demand driver Iron oxide pigments are used in the coatings and colorants, construction, plastics and toner industries. The demand for iron oxide pigment would be mainly driven by the performance and growth of the paint and coating industry and polymer master batch sector. ? For more details: NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES offers consultancy on various industrial and profitable projects with complete details of pre-feasibility, market survey, capital requirement, rate of return and breakeven point. The detailed project profile reports cover all the aspects of business, from analysing the market, confirming availability of various necessities such as plant & machinery, raw materials to forecasting the financial requirements. For more details send us your inquiry on [email protected]
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Hematite from Iron Ore/Lumps - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Hematite is one of the most abundant minerals on Earth's surface and in the shallow crust. It is an iron oxide with a chemical composition of Fe2O3. It is a common rock-forming mineral found in sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks at locations throughout the world. Hematite is the most important ore of iron. Although it was once mined at thousands of locations around the world, today almost all of the production comes from a few dozen large deposits where significant equipment investments allow companies to efficiently mine and process the ore. Most ore is now produced in China, Australia, Brazil, India, Russia, Ukraine, South Africa, Canada, Venezuela, and the United States. ? Hematite has a wide variety of other uses, but their economic significance is very small compared to the importance of iron ore. The mineral is used to produce pigments, preparations for heavy media separation, radiation shielding, ballast, and many other products. The most important iron ore types found in India are hematite and magnetite. Nearly 61% of hematite ore deposits are found in the eastern part of India and 82% of magnetite ore deposits occur in southern part of India, especially in the state of Karnataka. Iron ore Hematite contains 60 per cent to 70 per cent pure iron and is found in Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Rajasthan. Therefore, it is a good project for entrepreneurs to invest Few Indian Major Players are as under • Adhunik Alloys & Power Ltd. • Atibir Industries Co. Ltd. • Bajrang Metalics Ltd. • Banspani Iron Ltd. • Canara Overseas Ltd. • Chaman Metallics Ltd. • Comfoams Ltd. • Concast Steel & Power Ltd. • Khedaria Ispat Ltd. • Kundil Sponge Iron Ltd. • M B Ispat Corpn. Ltd. • M G M Minerals Ltd. • M S P L Ltd. • M S P Metallics Ltd. • Shree Sidhbali Ispat Ltd. • Shri Hare-Krishna Sponge Iron Ltd. • Steel Exchange India Ltd. • Suraj Products Ltd. • Tata Sponge Iron Ltd. • V S L Steels Ltd. • Vikas Metaliks & Energy Ltd. • Yazdani Steel & Power Ltd.
Plant capacity: Hematite:120 MT/DayPlant & machinery: Rs 416 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : Rs 1081 Lakhs
Return: 28.11%Break even: 51.00%
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Information
  • One Lac / Lakh / Lakhs is equivalent to one hundred thousand (100,000)
  • One Crore is equivalent to ten million (10,000,000)
  • T.C.I is Total Capital Investment
  • We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement.
  • We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.
  • Caution: The project's cost, capacity and return are subject to change without any notice. Future projects may have different values of project cost, capacity or return.

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NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES (NPCS) is a reliable name in the industrial world for offering integrated technical consultancy services. NPCS is manned by engineers, planners, specialists, financial experts, economic analysts and design specialists with extensive experience in the related industries.

Our various services are: Detailed Project Report, Business Plan for Manufacturing Plant, Start-up Ideas, Business Ideas for Entrepreneurs, Start up Business Opportunities, entrepreneurship projects, Successful Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, project report, Cost and Revenue, Pre-feasibility study for Profitable Manufacturing Business, Project Identification, Project Feasibility and Market Study, Identification of Profitable Industrial Project Opportunities, Business Opportunities, Investment Opportunities for Most Profitable Business in India, Manufacturing Business Ideas, Preparation of Project Profile, Pre-Investment and Pre-Feasibility Study, Market Research Study, Preparation of Techno-Economic Feasibility Report, Identification and Selection of Plant, Process, Equipment, General Guidance, Startup Help, Technical and Commercial Counseling for setting up new industrial project and Most Profitable Small Scale Business.

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