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Best Business Opportunities in Togo, Africa- Identification and Selection of right Project, Thrust areas for Investment, Industry Startup and Entrepreneurship

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REINFORCEMENT STEEL BAR/TOR BAR - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost & Revenue

Steel is said to be the backbone of any national economy, because most of industries greatly depend on the use of iron and steel for structural purposes. Bridges, buildings, automobile, power plants, machine tools, engineering industries, railway, marine, irrigation all owe to steels for their infra structural facilities and input materials requirements. India has progressed well in the field of steel production in the post independence era. The level of steel consumption in a country is considered as an indicator of its height of industrialization and growth of civilization. Demand of steel bar is increasing day by day with the growth of industries and construction sector. There is good scope for new entrants in this project.
Plant capacity: 6000 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: 392 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 675 Lakhs
Return: 42.00%Break even: 62.00%
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Cotton Yarn Dyeing - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

In primitive era, the early man used to cover his body with easily available natural materials like tree leaves, bark, raw fibres and skin of hunted animals to protect them self from extremities of environment. In modern era every civilized person is to wear garments of its own preference unlike their cast or creed but as per prevalent custom and fashion. There are many forms of yarn dyeing. Common forms are at the package form and at the hank form. Cotton yarns are mostly dyed at package form and acrylic or woollen yarns are dyed at hank form. Textile dyeing industry is booming day by day with the increasing demand of dyed clothes. So, there are good scope for new entrants. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Bahuma Polytex Ltd. Betex India Ltd. Bhilwara Processors Ltd. Delta Polysters Ltd. Dhruv Globals Ltd. Donear Industries Ltd. Gangotri Textiles Ltd. Gupta Exim (India) Pvt. Ltd. Hotz Industries Ltd. Imperial Dyeing Ltd. Nahar Spinning Mills Ltd. Nobletex Industries Ltd. Pact Industries Ltd. Pratibha Syntex Ltd. Rupa Dyeing & Prtg. Pvt. Ltd. S L M-Maneklal Inds. Ltd. S P L Industries (Shivalik Prints) Ltd. S T L Global Ltd. Shakthi Knitting Ltd. Shiva Texfabs Ltd. Shree Shyam Fabrics Ltd. Shree Vaishnavi Dyg. & Prtg. Ltd. Shri Renuga Textiles Ltd. Simco Industries Ltd. Star Industrial & Textile Enterprises Ltd. Teaktex Processing Complex Ltd. Unipon (India) Ltd. Valson Industries Ltd. Welspun Syntex Ltd.
Plant capacity: 900 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: 280 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 429 Lakhs
Return: 47.00%Break even: 64.00%
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EXTRACTION OF ULTRA PURE SILICON FROM RICE HUSK ASH - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Cost of Project

Rice milling industry generates a lot of rice husk during milling of paddy which comes from the fields. This rice husk is mostly used as a fuel in the boilers for processing of paddy. Rice husk is also used as a fuel for power generation. This RHA is a great environment threat causing damage to the land and the surrounding area in which it is dumped. RHA is a carbon neutral green product. Lots of ways are being thought of for disposing them by making commercial use of this RHA. RHA is a good super-pozzolan. This super-pozzolan can be used in a big way to make special concrete mixes. There is a growing demand for fine amorphous silica in the production of special cement and concrete mixes, high performance concrete, high strength, low permeability concrete, for use in bridges, marine environments, nuclear power plants etc. Silicon is the second most common element in the Earth's crust, comprising 25.7% of the Earth’s crust by weight. It is shiny, dark gray with a tint of blue. Silicon, atomic number of 14, is a semi-metallic or metalloid, because it has several of the metallic characteristics. Silicon is never found in its natural state, but rather in combination with oxygen as a silicate ion (SiO4) in silica-rich rocks such as obsidian, granite, diorite, and sandstone. Feldspar and quartz are the most significant silicate minerals. Silicon alloys with a variety of metals, including iron, aluminium, copper, nickel, manganese and ferrochromium. Used in manufacture of special steels and cast iron, aluminum alloys, glass and refractory materials, ceramics, abrasives, water filtration, component of hydraulic cements, filler in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, paper, insecticides, rubber reinforcing agent - especially for high adhesion to textiles, anti-caking agent in foods, flatting agent in paints, thermal insulator. Silicon is used in the aluminium industry to improve castability and weldability. Silicon has a wide range of applications because of their excellent properties of thermal stability etc. They are widely used as from stabilizers for poly methanes, diffusion, pumps antifoaming agents for liquid, textile finishes. Silicones also find application in manufacturing of weather proofing concretes. There is wide scope and good market potential of products manufactured in this sector.
Plant capacity: 90,000 Kg /Annum Plant & machinery: 285 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 524 Lakhs
Return: 44.00%Break even: 62.00%
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RICE FLAKES (POHA)- Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue,Plant Layout

PRODUCT PROFILE Rice flake is the husked rice which is flattened into flat light dry flakes. These flakes of rice swell when added to liquid, whether hot or cold, as they absorb water, milk or any other liquids. The thicknesses of these flakes vary between almost translucently thin (the more expensive varieties) to nearly four times thicker than a normal rice grain. These are also known as POHA. Paha industry comprises an important segment of Industrial activity in food processing industry in the country. It provides nutrition breakfast and food to a large number of households in cities, towns and even villages of India. Paha industry has also an important role in popularizing wheat in traditionally non wheat consuming regions of the country. Paha consumed by people of all ages and all times. With tea and coffee, Paha make a tasty and nutrition snack. There is a definite need for the poha industry to make inroads in the rural areas. Applications It is a vegetable food. All the men and women eat poha in the breakfast and children like it. It has light in weight so it cannot be harmful in any stage. The urgency for the development of nutritionally balanced protein foods, which would be within the reach of a substantial portion of the population in a country like India, can hardly be over emphasized. The dietary deficiencies of protein, particularly among pre school children and also during the prenatal period, can lead to both physical and mental impairment. Global demand A typical, average middle class Indian family did not have a standard breakfast on a regular basis like its Western counterpart. Those who did have breakfast consumed milk, snacks, bread, butter, jam or local food preparations like dalia idlies, parathas and the like as convenient. As a result of the organized efforts of domestic and global players, the breakfast items have come now to include cereals, energy bars, fresh dairy products and fruit juices. Because of these forays, the breakfast cereal category almost doubled between 2003 and 2006. Estimated at a modest Rs 2.5 billion, the market includes cornflakes, muesli, pancakes, oatmeal and porridge. It is growing fast not only because of macro factors, such as acceptance of packaged food and rising household incomes but also because companies have become innovative. The market is estimated to be growing annually up to 30%, and with modern retail providing new recipes of the contemporary products, Indian and Western, a strong wave of growth is anticipated. The demand of Rice flake in the market is immense and therefore its market position is splendid. Hence it is an excellent field to venture.
Plant capacity: 4 MT/dayPlant & machinery: 26 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 146 Lakhs
Return: 43.00%Break even: 44.00%
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Rice Bran Oil - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics

PRODUCT PROFILE Rice bran is the most important source of edible oil among the unconventional sources. Rice bran is the brown coating around the white starchy rice kernel, which is obtained by de husking paddy and polishing the rice. Despite the impressive growth of rice bran technology in the country, only a third of the available potential has been exploited. Rice is not only the oldest cultivated crop but also a basic food of more people than any other cereal grain. Rice bran contains 18-20% edible oil 35% sugars, varieties of B vitamins and 0.51% rice wax. Rice Bran Oil is truly The Worlds Healthiest edible oil, containing vitamins, antioxidants, nutrients and trans fat free. It's not just delicate and flavorful, it can help lower cholesterol, fight diseases, enhance the immune system, fight free radicals and more. Rice Bran Oil is extremely light, versatile and delicious. Use it to fry, sauté, in salad dressings, baking, dipping oils and where ever you use cooking oil. CHIEF CONSTITUENTS Oleic acid 40 to 50% Linoleic 29 to 42% Saturated acids 16 to 20% Applications • Bran oil is used in the soap industry and to a limited extent refined to edible oil while the defatted bran meal is employed as an animal feed. • Rice bran wax is an important by product of rice bran oil industry. Rice bran wax can be used in the preparation candles, polishes, cosmetics, emulsifiers, and other industrial preparations. • With the results in a good balance of plasticity, creaminess, and spreading properties, making it is ideal oil for bakery shortenings & Margarine. • The paddy and content of rice bran oil increases due to the action of a lipase present in the bran. Inactivation of lipase would lead to good quality oil. Global demand India produces about 80 million tonnes of paddy annually. This can yield about 5 million tonnes of rice bran and to the extent of 8 lakhs tonnes of rice bran oil. Rice bran oil alone has the potentiality of wiping out a large part of the deficit oil in the country. India is the second largest producer of rice in the world next to China, having potential to produce about 12 lakh tonnes of Rice Bran Oil per annum. Currently the industry is processing about 35 lakh tonnes of Rice Bran Producing about 6.0 lakh tonnes of Refined Rice Bran Oil per annum, out of which 5.5 lakh tonnes is edible grade and the balance 0.5 lakh is of non edible grade. Edible oil is an item of mass consumption and any rise in its price is mass politically sensitive. Since imports of oil seeds is considered to hit the interest of the farmers, the government has to import the finished product of the industry that is edible oil, in order to bridge the gap between demand and supply. It has made a remarkable development and at present 2,50,000 tons or one quarter of the yearly output of rice bran in this country are turned into nearly 50,000 tons of rice bran oil a year by some 70 plants scattered throughout the country. Rice bran oil industry is contributing to economization of foreign exchange amounting to about Rs. 20 million every year. Since the applications and demand of rice bran oil is immense therefore the potential of the product is excellent. It is one of the imperative fields to endeavor.
Plant capacity: 5100 MT/Annum, Refined rice bran oil, 24900MT/Annum, De oiled rice bran oil cake (byproduct)Plant & machinery: 757 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of project: 1243 Lakhs
Return: 45.00%Break even: 50.00%
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SODIUM TRI POLY PHOSPHATE - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

PRODUCT PROFILE: Sodium triphosphate (STP) is an inorganic compound with formula Na5P3O10. It is the sodiumsalt of the polyphosphate penta anion, which is the conjugate base of triphosphoric acid. It is produced on a large scale as a component of many domestic and industrial products, especially detergents. Environmental problems associated with eutrophication are attributed to its widespread use. Product characteristics • CAS No : 7758-29-4 • Molecular formula : Na5P3O10 • Appearance : White free flowing slightly hygroscopic granule or powder. • Form :Hydrated form and anhydrous form • Solubility in Water : 20% at 25 deg C • pH(1% solution) : 9.2-10.2 • Moisture (at 110 °C) : 0.50% • Water insolubles : 0.07% • Purity :94.0% • PH Value : 9.5-10.0 • Whiteness : 85% min. It has got salient chelating capacity to ions of Ca and Mg etc. and can soften hard water to make suspension solution become into clear solution; It has got weak alkalinity but no corrosiveness. It is a surfactant, and has got outstanding emulsification to lubricants and fat. This product has two crystalline forms, namely Type I (high temperature type) and Type II (low temperature type). The chemical properties of the two types are the same, and the difference between them lies in the thermo stability, hygroscopicity, solubility and hydration heat when dissolving. Applications of Sodium triphosphate (STP): Some of the applications of STPP are: • Used as one of the main auxiliaries for synthetic detergent, synergist for soap • water softener, tanning agent for leather making, auxiliary for dyeing • As an effective dispersion agent for suspension solutions of coatings, kaolin, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate and drilling mud etc. • As an oil contamination resistance agent in paper production. • In foodstuff industry it is used as quality improver in the process of canned food, fruit juice drinks, foodstuffs from milk or soybeans. • It may tender the meat in canned ham and soften the skin of horse bean in canned horse bean. • It may also serves as a softener or densifier in foodstuff industry. • Improves the water holding capacity of meat and seafood products • Prevents denaturation of proteins • Stabilizes the colour of the products • Improves the texture of meat and seafood products Food grade STPP is used as quality improver in the process of canned food, fruit juice beverages, foodstuffs from milk or soyabean and is also used as softener or densifier in food stuff industry. GLOBAL SCENARIO: Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP) is an inorganic sodium salt, which is used as a vital auxiliary in synthetic detergents sector. For several years, sodium tripolyphosphate has been used as a major ingredient in detergents, and played a vital role in enhancing the performance of detergents. The market for STPP is expected to benefit from the fact that phosphorus-free assistants are not a complete substitute for phosphorus-based assistants. In India, STPP predominantly finds application in the production of detergents. The other important areas of applications include ceramics and food industries. The application areas are highly relevant to the industrial and economic growth pattern. Therefore, the demand for STPP would go up in tune with the overall industrial and economic growth pattern. The global Sodium Tripolyphosphate market is projected to reach 3.4 million metric tons by the year 2015. Growth in the market is driven by the sustained demand from detergents market.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Refined Oil(Cotton Seed Oil, Ground Nut Oil & Sunflower Oil) - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study

Profile: Vegetable oils are obtained from oil seeds, tree crop or seed from the seed of annually grower crops. They include most of the fatty acids esters of glycerol, commonly called triglycerides which provide the world with its supplies of edible oils and fats. The fats and oils are respectively solid and liquid at ambient temperature. The term Vegetable Oils and Edible Oils are synonymous in the Indian context because in this country fats of animal origin such as fish oil and lard are not used as cooking media’s nevertheless, Edible oils are a major source of nutrition. The fatty acids in edible oils are required by the body as a vehicle for carrying vitamins, and they provide energy which is twice that of the cereals. The edible oils and fats such as olive, cottonseed, corn, groundnut, soyabean etc. have been found to be almost completely assimilated. As such vegetable oils may be classed as edible and non edible, important vegetable oils are castor, coconut, cottonseed, line seed, mustard, soyabeans, sunflower, ground nut and rice bran oil etc. Application: Edible oils have different applications dependent on their type: • Large quantities of vegetable oils are also used in industrial applications such as Soaps industry, Paints, varnishes and enamels industry and miscellaneous industries like lubricants, plastic, nylon, cosmetics, leather tanning, wool, pesticides, medical preparations etc. • Cottonseed oil is used primarily as such or in a hydrogenated form for edible purposes. • Cottonseed oil has many food applications. As a salad oil, it is used in mayonnaise, salad dressings, sauces, and marinades. As cooking oil, it is used for frying in both commercial and home cooking. • Sunflower oil is used as a lubricant, for lighting purposes and treatment of shoddy in woolen manufacture. • Sunflower oil is used as cooking and salad oil, for the manufacture of margarine, shortening and other edible products, in bakery goods, for packing sardines, and as a base for certain pharmaceuticals. • Groundnut oil is most commonly used when frying foods, particularly French fries and chicken. • Groundnut oil can also be used to make soap in a process called saponification. Indian Scenario: The demand for edible oils in India has shown a steady growth at a CAGR of 4.43% over the period from 2001 to 2011. The growth has been driven by improvement in per capita consumption, which in turn is attributable to rising income levels and living standards. In terms of volumes, palm oil, soyabean oil and mustard oil are the three largest consumed edible oils in India, with respective shares of 46%, 16% and 14% in total oil consumption in 2010. The Indian edible oil market is the world’s fourth-largest after the USA, China and Brazil. A growing population, increasing rate of consumption and increasing per capita income are accelerating the demand for edible oil in India. India is a leading player in edible oils, being the world’s largest importer and the world’s third largest consumer. Each year, India consumes over 10 million tons of edible oils. Edible oils have a high penetration of 90% in India. Since the applications and demand of refined oil is immense therefore the potential of the product is excellent. It is one of the imperative fields to endeavour. Cost Estimation: Refined oil Capacity: 30000MT/Annum, Refined oil, of which 10000 MT/Annum, Cotton seed oil, 10000 MT/ Annum, groundnut oil 10000 MT/Annum, sunflower oil Plant and Machinery: 922 Lakhs Cost of project: 2185 Lakhs Rate of return: 46% BEP: 57% Oil Seed Extraction Capacity: 3060 MT Oils/Annum 5350 cakes/Annum or 9000 MT oil seed extraction/Annum Plant and Machinery: 67 Lakhs Cost of project: 214 Lakhs Rate of return: 28% BEP: 70%
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 46.00%Break even: 57.00%
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Geotextiles for Road Construction - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Profile Geotextiles is defined as permeable textile materials used in contact with soil, rock, earth or any other geotechnical related material as an integral part of civil engineering project, structure, or system. Geotextiles have proven to be among the most versatile and cost-effective ground modification materials. Their use has expanded rapidly into nearly all areas of civil, geotechnical, environmental, coastal, and hydraulic engineering. They form the major component of the field of geosynthetics, the others being geogrids, geomembranes and geocomposites. Based on their structure and the manufacturing technique, geotextiles may be broadly classified into woven and nonwoven. Woven geotextiles are manufactured by the interlacement of warp and weft yarns, which may be of spun, multifilament, fibrillated or of slit film. Nonwoven geotextiles are manufactured through a process of mechanical interlocking or thermal bonding of fibers/filaments. Mechanical interlocking of the fibers/filaments is achieved through a process called needle punching. Needle-punched nonwoven geotextiles are best suited for a wide variety of civil engineering applications and are the most widely used type of geotextile in the world. Interlocking of the fibers/filaments could also be achieved through thermal bonding. Heat-bonded geotextiles should be used with caution, as they are not suitable for filtration applications or road stabilization applications over soft soils. Geotextile Functions The mode of operation of a geotextile in any application is defined by discrete functions: separation, filtration, drainage, reinforcement, sealing and protection. Depending on the application the geotextile performs one or more of these functions simultaneously. There are various applications such as separation, filtration, drainage (transmissivity), reinforcement, sealing function, etc. Areas of Application The major application areas of geotextiles in transportation engineering are flexible paved road construction, drainage applications and pavement overlays. Geotextiles extend the service life of roads, increase their load carrying capacity, and reduce rutting. The weak subgrades the geotextile extends the service life of a flexible pavement section by a factor of 2.5 to 3.0 compared to a non stabilized section. A geotextile effectively increased the pavement sections total AASHTO structural number by approximately 19%. Geotextiles also play a major role in construction of paved roads over areas having high ground water table. Drainage of water from pavements has always been an important consideration in road design; current methods of pavement design have resulted in base courses that do not drain well. Market Scenario Geo Textiles have proven to be versatile and cost effective ground modification materials. Their use expanded rapidly into nearly all areas of civil engineering, geotechnical, environmental, coastal and hydraulic engineering. Geo-Textiles is forecasted to achieve the highest growth rates among the twelve technical textile application areas. The rate of 4.6% per annum between 2000 and 2005 is set to increase to 5.3% per annum during 2005 to 2010. The world demand for Geo Textiles is projected at about 4715 million square meters by 2014 mostly from China and India. Globally the value of the sector is growing at a rate of around 5% a year and accounts for 0.80% share of the total technical textile segment. This share is expected to go up marginally to 2010. It is predicted that global demand for geosynthetics will increase 5% annually to 4.7 billion square metres in 2013. With India is making huge investments in infrastructure development in roads, railways, dams, irrigation projects, airports, seaports, and construction projects where geosynthetics can be used in enhancing design flexibility, cost effectiveness, aesthetics, functionality and long term durability of the civil, marine, environment engineering projects we undertake. Consequently the demand for geotech segment is set to grow phenomenally. Cost Estimation:
Plant capacity: 1800 MT Geotextiles (270 gsm)/Annum Plant & machinery: 200 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of project: 467 Lakhs
Return: 44.00%Break even: 59.00%
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Extraction of Ultra Pure Silicon from Rice Husk Ash - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Profitability Ratios

Profile Rice husk ash is a unique source of high grade amorphous silica. The silica present in rice husk, being of biogenic origin, is inherently amorphous. Amorphous silica obtained from rice husk is chemically active and hence a very useful product. At higher temperatures, it undergoes a phase change resulting into crystalline forms of silica The silica precipitation technology is a novel method for silica precipitation where the chemicals used are regenerated making it a closed loop operation. Successful studies for extraction of silica on laboratory scale, which meet the industrial requirements, have been carried out. Also studies are being carried out for suitable application of the undigested ash obtained after extraction, in water treatment plants with or without further improving the activated carbon content of the ash. 70% conversion is achieved on ash basis and around 90 to 95% on silica in ash basis. Properties of Silicon Property - Value Crystal structure - Diamond cubic Atomic weight - 28.085 Melting point °C - 1410 Boiling point °C - 2355 Vapour pressure; Pa at 880°C - 1.33 X 10-8 Density gm/cm3 at 25°C - 80 Critical temp °C - 2339 Process of extraction 1. Digestion: This involves the digestion of the rice husk ash with caustic at specific conditions. In this process the silica in the ash is gets extracted with caustic to form sodium solution. After the completion of the digestion the solution is filtered for the residual undigested ash present in the solution. The clear filtrate is taken for precipitation. 2. Precipitation: This step involves precipitation of silica from the sodium silicate solution. Carbon dioxide at a specific flow rate is passed through the silicate solution at design conditions. Continuous stirring is employed during the operation. The precipitated silica is filtered, washed with water to remove the soluble salts and dried. The filtrate containing sodium carbonate is taken for regeneration. 3. Regeneration: Regeneration is the step where calcium compound reacts with the sodium carbonate to form calcium carbonate and sodium hydroxide. The resulting solution is filtered to remove the solid calcium carbonate and aqueous sodium hydroxide is used for digestion again. The calcium carbonate is washed with water and dried. The dried calcium carbonate can be either calcined to get calcium oxide, which is reused, for regeneration or the calcium carbonate is sold and fresh calcium hydroxide is used for regeneration which gives an option of one more value addition. 4. Production of Ultrapure Silicon A chlorine based system is used in the method of transferring silicon from SiO2 to polysilicon. The process is flexible enough to allow the use of chlorine as the halide conversion medium by modifying the process, hydrogen, argon and a silicon chloride containing gas are injected into inductively coupled plasma operating at a temperature of approximately 2500°C. Under these conditions, the silicon chlorides decompose to silicon, chlorine, and possibly hydrogen ions, and the gaseous product flows into a baffled cold trap held at approximately 1500°C. by resistance heating. The Si ions react with electrons from the ionized hydrogen gas to form molten silicon metal condensate that can be vacuum cast into polysilicon ingots. The hot chlorine laden gas is drawn from the cold trap and pushed through a fluidized bed at approximately 1200°C, containing silica (SiO2) particulate. Prior to the injection of the hot chlorine gas, the silica particulate is pre heated in a dryer to approximately 1000°C. A small amount of hydrogen is required in the fluidized bed in order to facilitate the formation of HCl gas and begin the reaction: 4HCl + SiO2 ?2H2 O + SiCl4 Additionally, some SiCl3 H will be formed by the reaction: HCl + SiCl4 ? SiCl3 H + Cl2 Si + HCl ? Applications of Pure Silicon Silicones have a wide range of application because of their excellent properties of thermal stability etc. They find wide application in adhesive, lubricants, protective coatings and mold release agents manufacturing. They are widely used as from stabilizers for poly methanes, diffusion, pumps antifoaming agents for liquid, textile finishes. Silicones also find application in manufacturing of weather proofing concretes. Silicon is used in the aluminium industry to improve castability and weldability, not to add strength as noted in the text. Silicon-aluminium alloys tend to have relatively low strength and ductility, so other metals, especially magnesium and copper, are often added to improve strength. Silicon resins are widely used as coatings, moulding compounds, laminates sealants, room temperature curing cements for electrical insulation, impregnating electric coils, bonding agents and vibrating damping devices. Semiconductor grade silicon is used in the manufacture of silicon chips and solar cells. Fumed silica is used as filler in the cement and refractory materials industries, as well as in heat insulation and filling material for synthetic rubbers, polymers and grouts. Silicon rubbers are versatile materials, which find application in a wide variety of products. It is also used in medical devices used within the body (surgical).
Plant capacity: 300 Kg/dayPlant & machinery: 246 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 557 Lakhs
Return: 39.00%Break even: 46.00%
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Goat Farming for Meat and Breeding - Cattle Breeding Farm, Fodder, Livestock Farming, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics

Profile Goat is one of the world’s smallest domesticated livestock, have been actively managed for food and fiber earlier and longer than cattle and sheep. Goats can survive on bushes, trees, desert scrub, and vegetation that sheep and cattle are not able to consume. This dietary versatility and adaptability combined with a hardy constitution is what makes goats a primary livestock animal for most of the world. The goat; a mini cow is multipurpose animal to provide milk meat, hide, hair (fur) and manure for soil. In hilly areas goats are also used for hauling light load. Now in rural areas goat farming plays a vital role to solve unemployment. The economic return from keeping goats is high compared to other farming enterprises. Goats can reproduce under extreme conditions that would eliminate other species. They can live in hot, tropical climates as well as cool, temperate climates. They seem to be able to live and even flourish under desert conditions. These factors have made goats a very important domestic animal. Goat farming can be a profitable occupation of a farmer and can be fit well into mixed farming. Classification of Goats The wild goats have four species as follows Ibex (Capra ibex), Spanish Idex (Capra pyrenacia), Markhor (Capra falconeri), and Wild Goat (Capra aegarus). On the basis of body weight goat breeds in India can be broadly classified as large sized (Jamunapari, Beetal, Jhakarana), mediusm sized (Sirohi or Marwari/Golwadi, Zalabari, Kitchi, Surti, Sangamneri, Osmanabadi, Gaddi, Ganjam, Chegu) and small sized (Bengal types, Assam hill goat). The scientific name of domestic goat is Capra hircus aegagrius. Advantages of Goat Farming / Utility of Goats: • The goat is a multipurpose animal producing meat, milk, hide, fiber and manure. In hilly areas, goats are also used for hauling light loads. • Goats have very few demands of housing and management. They hardly need separate housing and happily share their homes with their owners or his other livestock. • Goats can be raised by landless agricultural labourers, ladies and children because they can thrive well on variety of leaves, shrubs, bushes, kitchen waste etc. • Goat farming can be a profitable occupation for a farmer and can fit well into mixed farming. • Goats are cheaper to maintain, easily available and have a friendly disposition. • Goats are capable of adapting to various agro climatic conditions ranging from arid dry to cold arid to hot humid. They can be raised in plains, hilly tracts, sandy zones and at high altitudes. • Goats are more tolerant to hot climate than other farm animals. • Goats suffer from fewer ailments than other large animals. • Goats are called the foster mother of man, as their milk is considered better for human nutrition than other species of livestock. Milk is cheap, wholesome, easily digestible and nutritious. • Goat milk is finer than cow milk i.e. the fats and proteins are present in a finer state and are more easily digestible, especially by children and invalids. • Goat milk has lesser allergic problems than other species of livestock. • Goat milk is used as ayurvedic medicine for personas ailing with asthma, cough, diabetes etc. And has higher buffering qualities and this enhances its value for patients suffering from peptic ulcers, liver dysfunction, jaundice, billiard disorders and other digestive problems. • Goat hide is used for the manufacture of leather products. • Goat hairs are used for the manufacture of rugs and ropes. • Pashmina shawls, Mohair and Kashmere carpets are in great demand and are sold at very high prices. • Goat manure is 2.5 times richer in nitrogen and phosphoric acid than cow manure. Market Scenario The world population of goats is approximately 674 million, of which 94% are found in the developing countries. Africa and Asia account for about 81% of the total population in the developing countries, including a bewildering variety of breeds. Goat rearing is the backbone of economy of small and landless farmers in India. It is an insurance against crop failure and provides alternate source of livelihood to farmers all the year round. Goats play an important role in income generation, capital storage, employment generation and improving household nutrition. Goats are among the main meat-producing animals in India, whose meat (chevon) is one of the choicest meats and has huge domestic demand. Besides meat, goats provide other products like milk, skin, fibre and manure. Goats are important part of rural economy, particularly in the arid, semi arid and mountainous regions of the country with more than 124 million population. The largest amount of goat milk is produced in India, followed by Bangladesh and Sudan. China has the largest total number of goats in the world, but they are mainly kept for meat production. ?
Plant capacity: 1000 GoatsPlant & machinery: 6 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 115 Lakhs
Return: 47.00%Break even: 33.00%
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  • One Lac / Lakh / Lakhs is equivalent to one hundred thousand (100,000)
  • One Crore is equivalent to ten million (10,000,000)
  • T.C.I is Total Capital Investment
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  • Caution: The project's cost, capacity and return are subject to change without any notice. Future projects may have different values of project cost, capacity or return.

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