India is the largest producer of fruits and second largest producer of vegetables in the world. Fruits & vegetables, being perishable in nature require certain techniques of preservation for retaining the freshness intact and making them an acceptable item even after few days of ripening. It also facilitates the farmer to realize a better price instead of selling the product at a throw away price due to the perishability. This necessity as evolved a new concept of storing these items at below or just above sub-zero temperatures known as cold storage. 

Introduction of Cold storage / Cold room facility will help them in removing the risk of distress sale and simultaneously will ensure better returns. The annual production of fruits and vegetables in the country accounts for 18 to 20% of our agriculture output. Varied agro climatic conditions and better availability of scientific package of practices, there is a vast scope for increasing the production.

Cold Storage is a special kind of room, the temperature of which is kept very low with the help of machines and precision instruments. India is having a unique geographical position and a wide range of soil, thus producing variety of fruits and vegetables like apples, grapes, oranges, potatoes, chillies, ginger, etc. Marine products are also being produced in large quantities due to large coastal areas. As per 2008-09 figures, India produces around 215 Million Tons of Fruits and Vegetables, 3 Billion Tons of Marine Products, 109 Million Tons of Milk, 56 Billion Eggs and 38 Million Tons of Meat per annum.

Commercially apples, potatoes, oranges, etc are stored on large scale in the cold storages. Other important costly raw materials like dry fruits, chemicals, essences and processed foods like fruit juice/pulp, concentrate dairy products, frozen meat, fish and eggs are also stored in cold storages to regulate marketing channels of these products. Therefore, it is a good project for entrepreneurs to invest. Uses Cold storage is used to preserve fruits and vegetables.

Once they are kept in the cold storage, they do not get spoiled even after many months. Sometimes, in production season of certain vegetable or fruit crops, the demand for those thing decreases, which in turn decreases the consumption in surplus amount of that particular item and it is kept in a cold storage.

Few Indian Major Players are as under

Allana Cold Storage Ltd.

• Anjaneya Cold Storage Ltd.

• Asvini Fisheries Pvt. Ltd.

• H M G Industries Ltd.

• Hindusthan Ice & Cold Storage Co. Ltd.

• Ideal Ice & Cold Storage Co. Ltd.

• Indagro Foods Ltd.

• Jindal Steel & Alloys Ltd.

• Karnavati Cold Storage Ltd.

• Karnimata Cold Storage Ltd.

• Kisan Cold Storage & Refrigeration Service Ltd.

• Mohan Meakin Ltd.

• Nav Bharat Refrigeration &Inds. Ltd.

• PrabhuHira Ice & Cold Storage Ltd.

• Ram'S Assorted Cold Storage Ltd.

• Sri Vatsa Hotels Ltd.

• Universal Cold Storage Pvt. Ltd.

• Uptown Trading & Investments Ltd.

 

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Table of Contents

 

1.         DISTRICT PROFILE & GEOTECHNICAL SITE CHARACTERIZATION

1.1.      GENERAL

1.2.      PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

1.3.      MAP

1.4.      ECONOMY & INDUSTRY

1.5.      TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS

2.         INTRODUCTION

3.         STATUS OF COLD STORAGE AND ITS POTENTIAL IN INDIA

4.         FOOD AND STORAGE CONDITIONS

5.         B.I.S. SPECIFICATIONS

5.1.      IS: 661 (2000) THERMAL INSULATION OF COLD STORAGE

5.2.      IS:3615-1967-GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING

6.         GOVERNMENT POLICIES FOR COLD CHAIN INFRASTRUCTURE

6.1.      NATIONAL HORTICULTURE BOARD (NHB).

6.2.      AGRICULTURAL & PROCESSED FOOD PRODUCTS EXPORT DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (APEDA)

6.3.      DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND COOPERATION (DAC)

6.4.      NATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (NCDC)

6.5.      CAPITAL INVESTMENT SUBSIDY SCHEME

7.         QUANTUM OF SUBSIDY

7.1.      SCHEME FOR FINANCING CONSTRUCTION OF COLD STORAGES

8.         GUIDELINES FOR MAKING SUBSIDY CLAIM

9.         INCENTIVES PROVIDED BY THE GOVERNMENT

10.       PROCEDURE FOR AVAILING ASSISTANCE TO SETUP COLD STORAGE

11.       MARKET SURVEY

11.1.    TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED WAREHOUSE (TCW)

11.2.    TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED TRANSPORTATION (TCT)

11.3.    THE OBJECTIVES OF FCAOI

11.4.    STATE-WISE NUMBER OF COLD STORAGES IN INDIA

11.5.    SELECTED STATE-WISE ESTABLISHMENT OF COLD STORAGE

11.6.    SCHEME-WISE NUMBER OF COLD STORAGES

11.7.    STATUS OF COLD STORAGE

11.8.    SELECTED STATE-WISE NUMBER OF COLD STORAGES

12.       FINANCIALS & COMPARISON OF MAJOR PLAYERS/COMPANIES

12.1.    ABOUT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF CMIE DATABASE

12.2.    PROFITS &APPROPRIATIONS

12.3.    TOTAL LIABILITIES

12.4.    TOTAL ASSETS

12.5.    NET CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIE

12.6.    SECTION – I

12.6.1.Name of Company with Contact Details

12.6.2.Name of Director(S)

12.6.3.Plant Capacity

12.6.4.Location of Plant

12.6.5.Name of Raw Material(S) Consumed With Quantity & Cost

12.7.    SECTION– II

12.7.1.Assets

12.7.2.Cash Flow

12.7.3.Cost as % Ge of Sales

12.7.4.Forex Transaction

12.7.5.Growth in Assets & Liabilities

12.7.6.Growth in Income & Expenditure

12.7.7.Income & Expenditure

12.7.8.Liabilities

12.7.9.Liquidity Ratios

12.7.10.           Profitability Ratio

12.7.11.           Profits

12.7.12.           Return Ratios

12.7.13.           Structure of Assets & Liabilities (%)

12.7.14.           Working Capital & Turnover Ratios

13.       LIST OF COLD STORAGES IN INDIA

14.       COLD STORAGE CLASSIFICATION

15.       SELECTION OF LOCATION FOR THE COLD STORAGE

16.       STEPS TO DESIGN A ROBUST COLD STORAGE

17.       TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR COLD STORAGE

17.1.    GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS ABOUT PRE-COOLING

17.2.    CRITICALSTORAGE CONDITION ANDGROUPING OFPRODUCTS

18.       LEGISLATION AND GMPFOR THE COLD STORAGE

18.1.    TEMPERATURE CONTROL

18.2.    STORAGE CONDITIONS

19.       COLD ROOM ACCESSORIES

19.1.    GENERAL ACCESSORIES

19.2.    PANEL ACCESSORIES:

19.3.    DOORS AND ACCESSORIES

19.4.    REFRIGERATION ACCESSORIES AND SPARE PARTS

19.5.    OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES INCLUDE:

20.       FLOW DIAGRAM

21.       DESIGN SECTION OF COLD STORAGE

21.1.    REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

21.2.    RACKING

21.3.    COOLING COILS

21.4.    HYDRO COOLING

22.       REFRIGERATIONSYSTEM&EQUIPMENTSELECTION

22.1.    COMPRESSOR

22.2.    CONDENSER

22.3.    COOLING COILS

22.4.    AIR HANDLERS

22.5.    HUMIDIFICATIONSYSTEM

23.       GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

23.1.    REFRIGERATIONCOMPRESSORS&MOTORS

23.2.    EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER FOR AMMONIA

23.3.    AIR COOLING UNITS

23.4.    H.P. RECEIVER

23.5.    AIR COOLED/WATER COOLED CONDENSER FOR HFC/HCFC

23.6.    REFRIGERANT PIPING, FITTINGS & VALVES

23.7.    WATER PIPING, FITTINGS & VALVES

23.8.    WATER PUMP SETS

23.9.    THERMAL INSULATION FOR REFRIGERANT PIPING ETC

23.10.  DUCT MOUTH PIECES

23.11.  VENTILATION FOR COLD CHAMBERS

23.12.  HUMIDIFICATION

23.13.  CONTROLS

23.14.  INSTALLATION, TESTING & COMMISSIONING

24.       QUICK COOLING METHODS

24.1.    FORCED AIR COOLING

24.2.    VACUUM COOLING

24.3.    INSULATION

24.4.    BOARD OR SLAB INSULATION

24.5.    SPRAYED-ON INSULATION

24.6.    STRUCTURE

24.7.    SECTIONAL STORES

25.       EFFICIENT COLD STORAGE MANAGEMENT

26.       ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS & SAFETY

26.1.    ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

26.2.    SAFETY MEASURES

27.       ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION

28.       THERMAL INSULATION PRACTICES

28.1.    INSULATION MATERIALS

28.2.    SANDWICH-INSULATED PANEL STRUCTURE

28.3.    INSULATING OF WALLS

29.       TYPICAL LAYOUTS OF MULTI COMMODITY COLD STORE FACILITIES

30.       SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY

30.1.    COMPLETE COLD STORAGE SOLUTION

30.2.    COLD STORAGE EQUIPMENTS

30.3.    REFRIGERATION UNIT

30.4.    STORAGE TANK

30.5.    MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS

30.6.    INSULATION MATERIAL

30.7.    ELECTRICAL WIRE, CABLE& SWITCHES

31.       SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIAL

31.1.    AMMONIA GAS

31.2.    GUNNY BAG

32.       MACHINERY &EQUIPMENTPHOTOGRAPHS

33.       PLANT LAYOUT

34.       QUOTATION OF PLANT, MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT FROM SUPPLIER

PROJECT FINANCIALS

·         Project at a Glance

Annexure

·         Assumptions for Profitability workings ….…………………………………………....................... 1

·         Plant Economics…………………………………………………………………………….................... 2

·         Production Schedule……………………………………………………………………….................... 3

·         Land & Building…………………………………………………………………………….................... 4

§  Factory Land & Building

§  Site Development Expenses

·         Plant & Machinery………………………………………………………………………….................... 5

§  Indigenous Machineries

§  Other Machineries (Miscellaneous, Laboratory etc.)

·         Other Fixed Assets………………………………………………………………………….................... 6

§  Furniture & Fixtures

§  Pre-operative and Preliminary Expenses

§  Technical Knowhow

§  Provision of Contingencies

·         Working Capital Requirement Per Month………………………………………………................. 7

§  Raw Material

§  Packing Material

§  Lab & ETP Chemical Cost

§  Consumable Store

·         Overheads Required Per Month and Per Annum ……………………………………................. .8

§  Utilities & Overheads (Power, Water and Fuel Expenses etc.)

§  Royalty and Other Charges

§  Selling and Distribution Expenses

·         Salary and Wages ……………………………………………………………………………................. 9

·         Turnover Per Annum ………………………………………………………………………................ 10

·         Share Capital…………………………………………………………………………………................ 11

§  Equity Capital

§  Preference Share Capital

 

Continued on Next Page

 

 

 

 

 

•        Annexure 1            ::        Cost of Project and Means of Finance

•        Annexure 2            ::        Profitability and Net Cash Accruals

§  Revenue/Income/Realisation

§  Expenses/Cost of Products/Services/Items

§  Gross Profit

§  Financial Charges    

§  Total Cost of Sales

§  Net Profit After Taxes

§  Net Cash Accruals

 

•        Annexure 3            ::        Assessment of Working Capital requirements

§  Current Assets

§  Gross Working Capital

§  Current Liabilities

§  Net Working Capital

§  Working Note for Calculation of Work-in-process

 

•        Annexure 4            ::        Sources and Disposition of Funds

•        Annexure 5            ::        Projected Balance Sheets

§  ROI (Average of Fixed Assets)

§  RONW (Average of Share Capital)

§  ROI (Average of Total Assets)

 

•        Annexure 6            ::        Profitability ratios

§  D.S.C.R

§  Earnings Per Share (EPS)

§  Debt Equity Ratio

 

•        Annexure 7            ::        Break-Even Analysis

§  Variable Cost & Expenses

§  Semi-Variable/Semi-Fixed Expenses

§  Profit Volume Ratio (PVR)

§  Fixed Expenses / Cost 

§  B.E.P

 

•        Annexure 8 to 11   ::        Sensitivity Analysis-Price/Volume

§  Resultant N.P.B.T

§  Resultant D.S.C.R

§  Resultant PV Ratio

§  Resultant DER

§  Resultant ROI

§  Resultant BEP

 

•        Annexure 12          ::        Shareholding Pattern and Stake Status

§  Equity Capital

§  Preference Share Capital

 

•        Annexure 13          ::        Quantitative Details-Output/Sales/Stocks

§  Determined Capacity P.A of Products/Services

§  Achievable Efficiency/Yield % of Products/Services/Items 

§  Net Usable Load/Capacity of Products/Services/Items   

§  Expected Sales/ Revenue/ Income of Products/ Services/ Items   

 

•        Annexure 14          ::        Product wise domestic Sales Realisation

•        Annexure 15          ::        Total Raw Material Cost

•        Annexure 16          ::        Raw Material Cost per unit

•        Annexure 17          ::        Total Lab & ETP Chemical Cost

•        Annexure 18          ::        Consumables, Store etc.

•        Annexure 19          ::        Packing Material Cost

•        Annexure 20          ::        Packing Material Cost Per Unit

•        Annexure 21          ::        Employees Expenses

•        Annexure 22          ::        Fuel Expenses

•        Annexure 23          ::        Power/Electricity Expenses

•        Annexure 24          ::        Royalty & Other Charges

•        Annexure 25          ::        Repairs & Maintenance Expenses

•        Annexure 26          ::        Other Manufacturing Expenses

•        Annexure 27          ::        Administration Expenses

•        Annexure 28          ::        Selling Expenses

•        Annexure 29          ::        Depreciation Charges – as per Books (Total)

•        Annexure 30          ::        Depreciation Charges – as per Books (P & M)

•        Annexure 31          ::        Depreciation Charges - as per IT Act WDV (Total)

•        Annexure 32          ::        Depreciation Charges - as per IT Act WDV (P & M)

•        Annexure 33          ::        Interest and Repayment - Term Loans

•        Annexure 34          ::        Tax on Profits

•        Annexure 35          ::        Projected Pay-Back Period And IRR