Livestock farming, raising of animals for use or for pleasure. Livestock farming is the rearing of animals for food and for other human uses. The word 'Livestock' applies primarily to cattle or dairy cows, chickens, goats, pigs, horses and sheep. Today, even animals like donkeys, mules, rabbits and insects such as bees are being raised as part of livestock farming.

Present-day livestock farming is very well planned - animals are provided with food and shelter and bred selectively. As regards shelter, animals are usually kept in enclosures. Pigs and poultry are reared intensively in indoor environments. However, indoor animal farming has often been criticized for multiple reasons - on grounds of pollution and for animal welfare reasons. Outdoor farming of livestock stands for rearing animals in bigger enclosures like ranches and fenced pastures.

Livestock farming is a double-benefiting system - it helps the farmers both economically and supplies them with food throughout the year. However, the above benefits do surely rest upon a two faced criterion - the development must proceed scientifically, and protection and care should be first on the farmer's list.

The usefulness of livestock organs in medicines like insulin has been understood only recently. Nevertheless, livestock farms have been benefiting us in many ways for ages - they provide us with eggs, honey, meat, milk, etc. The skins or hides and even hair of these animals have been used to make blankets, clothing, shoes and the like. The hoofs and horns of these farm animals have been used to make common items like buttons and combs.

Ruminant (cud-chewing) animals such as cattle, sheep, and goats convert large quantities of pasture forage, harvested roughage, or by-product feeds, as well as nonprotein nitrogen such as urea, into meat, milk, and wool. Ruminants are therefore extremely important; more than 60 percent of the world’s farmland is in meadows and pasture. Poultry also convert feed efficiently into protein; chickens, especially, are unexcelled in meat and egg production. Milk is one of the most complete and oldest known animal foods.

The livestock sector provides us with meat, dairy and eggs, as well as wool and leather. The sector generates some €9.3 billion per year in the Netherlands. Government, livestock farmers and the processing industry want to make animal husbandry as sustainable and animal-friendly as possible. This is why battery cages have been banned, and pregnant sows must be housed in groups.

Contribution of livestock to people

The livestock provides food and non-food items to the people.

Food:The livestock provides food items such as Milk, Meat and Eggs for human consumption. India is number one milk producer in the world. It is producing about 163.7 million tons of milk in a year (2016-17). Similarly it is producing about 88.81 billion of eggs, 8.89 million tonnes of meat in a year. The value of output of livestock sector at current prices was Rs 5, 91,691 crores in 2015-16.

Fibre and skins:The livestock also contributes to the production of wool, hair, hides, and pelts. Leather is the most important product which has a very high export potential. India is producing about 47.9 million Kg of wool per annum.

Dung and other animal waste materials:Dung and other animal wastes serve as very good farm yard manure and the value of it is worth several crores of rupees. In addition it is also used as fuel (bio gas, dung cakes), and for construction as poor man’s cement (dung).

Storage:Livestock are considered as “moving banks” because of their potentiality to dispose of during emergencies. They serve as capital and in cases of landless agricultural labourers many time it is the only capital resource they possess. Livestock serve as an asset and in case of emergencies they serve as guarantee for availing loans from the local sources such as money lenders in the villages.

Weed control:Livestock are also used as Biological control of brush, plants and weeds.

 

Production of livestock in India 2015-16

Livestock plays an important role in Indian economy. About 20.5 million people depend upon livestock for their livelihood. Livestock contributed 16% to the income of small farm households as against an average of 14% for all rural households. Livestock provides livelihood to two-third of rural community. It also provides employment to about 8.8 % of the population in India. India has vast livestock resources. Livestock sector contributes 4.11% GDP and 25.6% of total Agriculture GDP.

Production of Livestock in India 2015-16

Sl. No.	Product	Quantity	Ranking in the world production
01	MILK in million tonnes	155.50	FIRST
02	EGGS in billions ( nos)	82.93	THIRD
03	MEAT million tonnes	7.02	NA
04	WOOL in million kgs.	47.9	NA
05	FISH  in lakh tonnes	107.90	SECOND

 

Livestock Resources

India is

·         World’s highest livestock owner at about 512.05 million

·         First in the total buffalo population in the world - 105.3 million buffaloes

·         Second in the population of cattle and goats - 140.5 million goats

·         Second largest poultry market in the world - production of 63 billion eggs and 649 million poultry meat.

·         Third in the population of sheep (72 millions)

·         Fifth in in the population of ducks and chicken

·         Tenth in camel population in the world.

 

Global demand for animal products is expected to double by 2050, based on estimates for growth of the world population, increasing incomes and further urbanization. The majority of the increased demand will occur in Asia, Africa and Latin-America, especially in the so-called middle-class of society. At present this middle-class comprises two billion of the world's population of seven billion people, and is anticipated to increase to around five billion of a population of nine billion in 2050.

The livestock sector globally is highly dynamic. In developing countries, it is evolving in response to rapidly increasing demand for livestock products. In developed countries, demand for livestock products is stagnating, while many production systems are increasing their efficiency and environmental sustainability. Historical changes in the demand for livestock products have been largely driven by human population growth, income growth and urbanization and the production response in different livestock systems has been associated with science and technology as well as increases in animal numbers.

In the future, production will increasingly be affected by competition for natural resources, particularly land and water, competition between food and feed and by the need to operate in a carbon-constrained economy. Developments in breeding, nutrition and animal health will continue to contribute to increasing potential production and further efficiency and genetic gains. Livestock production is likely to be increasingly affected by carbon constraints and environmental and animal welfare legislation. Demand for livestock products in the future could be heavily moderated by socio-economic factors such as human health concerns and changing socio-cultural values. There is considerable uncertainty as to how these factors will play out in different regions of the world in the coming decades.

 

Here are few Projects for Startup:

INTEGRATED DAIRY AND GOAT FARMING

India is one of the largest milk producing countries in the world. It has crossed 70 million tonnes milk production in the world. The milk industry in the advanced dairying countries of the world has now reached a high level in sanitary production, transportation, processing and distribution…………Read more

PIG FARMING

Pig rearing can be paying if sufficient attention in given to the selection of good quality stock and to the proper management of herd. If pigs are fed the scientific way, they will be ready for the market and your table in a short period of six to eight months………Read more

POULTRY & BROILER FARMING

Poultry farming has grown into a full-fledged commercial agro business. The demand for eggs and broiler meat are on the increase with growing population. The concentration and specialization of the poultry industry has led to development of allied industries to supply the products needed to support this industry………….Read more

GOAT FARMING FOR MEAT AND BREEDING

Goat is one of the world’s smallest domesticated livestock, have been actively managed for food and fiber earlier and longer than cattle and sheep. Goats can survive on bushes, trees, desert scrub, and vegetation that sheep and cattle are not able to consume……….Read more

RABBIT FARMING

Rabbit farming on a relatively small scale, involving minimal inputs, could make a substantial contribution to the supply of animal protein for human consumption. Rabbits are already being bred for meat in many countries. Rabbit skin represents a source of potential income to the producer if handled carefully…………Read more

ANGORA RABBIT FARMING, RABBIT FEED, YARN FROM WOOL, THEN MANUFACTURING OF SHAWLS, SWEATERS, CAPS, MUFFLERS WITH DYEING & BLEACHING

Rabbits are warms blooded mammals possessing a hairy coat or fur or quills on their body. Flesh of hares and rabbit is reported to be eastern in many parts of the country. The meat is palatable and nutritious. It is a source of high quality protein. Rabbit skins are commercially valued in U.S.A…………Read more

EMU BIRDS (FARMING, BREEDING & MEAT PRODUCTION)

EMU (Dromaius novaehollandiae) bird belong to ratite group has high economic value for their meat, eggs, oil, skin and feathers. Meat from emu is of high quality in terms of low fat, low cholesterol, gamey flavour. These birds are adoptable to varied climatic conditions………….Read more

FISH FARMING

A larger part of the average family's food bill goes on protein foods e.g. cheese, eggs and fish etc., which are important parts of a healthy and well-balanced diet. Now-a-days people are turning to fresh-water fish such as rainbow trout, carps and tench, which can die raised in ponds and ornamental garden pots……….Read more

GOAT & SHEEP FARMING

Goats are allied to sheep but are much harder and more active animals. Their males or billy goats have a tuft of hair (beards) under the chin. The present day goats are said to be discarded from one to more kinds of wild goats of Asia & Europe. People who cannot afford to keep cows and buffaloes for milk keep goats………….Read more

POULTRY FEED

Poultry feed is needed to produce poultry, a substantial part of the food industry. Feeds are used as edible materials, which are consumed poultry and contribute energy and/or nutrients to the poultry diet. Feed is needed to produce poultry, which are substantial parts of the food industry………….Read more

QUAIL FARMING

The quail is a small bird that inhabits woodland and forest areas around the world. There are thought to be more than 15 different species of quail, with each species of quail being found in different parts of the world and all have slightly different appearances depending on how they have adapted to their environment…………Read more

POULTRY FARM FOR PRODUCING EGGS

The production of poultry in the us and generally throughout the world is carried out by a highly specialized, efficient poultry industry that has been a leader in trends of scale and industrialization that have taken place in American agriculture over the past half century………Read more

ANIMAL FEED USING DATE PITS, DISCARDED DATES AND OTHER INGREDIENTS (BARLEY, BRAN, OATS, SOYABEAN MEAL, MOLASSES, VITAMIN AND MINERALS)

There is large use of animal feed in India, Middle East and also in the European Countries. It will help to increase the animal health. Most of the raw ingredients available in our country, most of the European Countries, and also in the Middle East. It is used as feed for the animal growth and nutrition……….Read more

RUMEN BY PASS FAT USED IN CATTLE FEED

Rumen by pass fat supplement the diet of livestock with unsaturated fatty acids. Unsaturated fatty acid are known to be more digestable and are more beneficial after digestion to animals. Here people are not so careful about the health of the ruminant……..Read more

FISH OIL (PRODUCTION AND REFINING) WITH FISH MEAL

Fish is used as a source of food either in raw or dry state. It has protein which is amino acids. Another means of utilization of fish is the manufacture of fish meal and fish oil. Fish oil is consisting triglyceryl esters of fatty acids and minor proportions of free fatty acids, vitamins, coloring matters, hydrocarbons, sterols, phosphatides etc……….Read more

DAIRY FARMING WITH POWER PLANT BASED ON DUNG

The importance of milk in human diet especially for children and expectant and nursing matters is vital. To meet the demand of the increasing population milk production in India has to be increased upto about 70 million tonnes by 2008 AD…………Read more

DAIRY FARMING, MILK PRODUCTS WITH COW URINE PROCESSING AND BIOGAS PLANT

DAIRY FARMING AND MILK PRODUCTS (Ghee, Pasturised Milk in Poly Pack), Cow Urine Processing and Packing in ½ Ltr. Glass Bottles with Biogas Plant Dairy farming is class of agricultural or an animal husbandry, enterprise, for long terms production of milk,……….Read more

CATTLE FEED

The principal feed resources for animal consumption in the country are crop residues like straws of wheat, rice and other cereals and stovers, which are very poor in feed value. Even these are in short supply. These are supplemented to some extent by relatively better quality fodders like cultivated leguminous and non-leguminous fodder grasses and concentrates……….…Read more

PIGGERY MEAT CHICKEN PROCESSING

In India almost the entire production of meat is marketed in the fresh state. The products made from pig meat are known piggery products. The most popular piggery products are-bacon, ham, sausage and salamy. Meat is used as food for man either in raw or dry states…….Read more

OSSEIN/GELATIN

Gelatin is a pure colorless water-soluble glutinous protein derived from natural sources such as the hides and bones of animals (cattle, pig, fish, and poultry). Gelatin is a nearly complete protein lacking only one essential amino acid-tryptophan. It is free of fat, cholesterol and preservatives………Read more

POULTRY FARMING WITH HATCHERY

The production of poultry in the United States and generally throughout the world is carried out by a highly specialized, efficient poultry industry that has been a leader in trends of scale and industrialization that have taken place in American agriculture over the past half-century………….Read more

DAIRY FARMING (COW)

Milk is considered the most nutritious form of food for all mammals. In India, the dairy sector contributes 15% of the Gross National Income. Without milk, most of the food cannot be prepared. With the increase in milk products, basic technologies for dairy processing are being constantly modified………Read more

 

 

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