A disposable (also called disposable product) is a product designed for a single use after which it is recycled or is disposed as solid waste. Disposable products are those products which are meant for a single use and after that they are recycled for reuse. The term often implies economical and ease of use rather than medium to long-term durability. Disposables are most often made from paper, plastic, cotton, or polystyrene foam. Examples of disposables are-Disposable dishware / drink ware (e.g. plates, bowls, cups), Plastic cutlery (e.g. spoons, knives, forks, sporks), Disposable table cloth, Cans, bottles, jars, cartons, wrappers and other food packaging are largely recyclable, and some are even compostable, Inexpensive Tupperware products are recyclable, Cupcake wrappers, coffee filters are compostable.   

The term often implies cheapness and short-term convenience rather than medium to long-term durability. The term is also sometimes used for products that may last several months (e.g. disposable air filters) to distinguish from similar products that last indefinitely (e.g. washable air filters). The word "disposables" is not to be confused with the word "consumables" which is widely used in the mechanical world. In welding for example, welding rods, tips, nozzles, gas, etc. are considered to be "consumables" as they only last a certain amount of time before needing to be replaced.

The disposable plastic cups are manufactured by thermoforming technique. They are fast replacing conventional cups. Drinking water, Ice-cream and other dairy products are packed in disposable cups. Besides Ice-cream industry, hotels, restaurants, canteens etc. have been increasingly using disposable cups as against conventional glass-wares or ceramic cups. Disposable cups are mainly used for food items and are made out of polypropylene or polystyrene sheets. Sheets having thickness 0.35 mm to 2 mm is used for these items in thermoforming machine. The disposable cups are gaining popularity due to attractive look, light weight for container, ease of transportation and low impermeability. Now-a-days organizations like railways, airlines are using disposable cups for serving water, coffee, tea etc.

Paper cups are disposable cups made out of paper and lined with wax or plastic to prevent liquid from soaking the paper. Paper cups are made using food grade paper, which is hygienic and capable of storing both hot or cold liquid for long times. With the rising awareness and rapidly changing lifestyles, the demand for paper cups has increased tremendously year on year. Paper cups are becoming more and more popular across the globe as a way to become more eco-friendly and reduce exposure to food borne infections. Paper cups demand are majorly originating from IT companies, educational institutions, food canteens, industrial canteen, restaurants, coffee or tea shop, fast food, super markets, health clubs and event organizers. As paper cups are a product of daily use and have mass consumption requirements, selling of paper cups in the market will not be a problem. With well-established demand and supply forces, the prices of paper cups in the market can be easily ascertained and sold in bulk to traders or end customers through a variety of channels.  Paper cups and plates are normally made as per the specifications of the customer.  The paper is first printed on a printing press, the printed part is then cut to size and given shape by die cutting. The bottom   part and upper part of the cup are then assembled to a cup shape in screw press. For plates, the paper is cut to the required size of circles. The cut circles are pressed in a screw press for obtaining desired design and shape. For wax coated cups & plates are put in wax coating machine.

Disposable paper plates and saucers as the name suggests are made out of special quality paper reinforced with polythene sheets to make it leak proof. These products are conveniently used for serving eatables during family functions, eating chats and snacks, fruits, sweets etc. Most of the sweet shops use it for serving their customers with dry as well as wet sweets/ namkeens. The caterers utilize it during parties and social functions. These are a convenient replacement for crockery and utensils. These have many advantages over conventional crockery/ steel utensils. Whereas conventional utensils need care in handling, have to be cleaned before and after use need lot of space for storage and are difficult to handle these products are light in weight, are disposable after use, cheaper and can be stored easily. These are very cheap as compared to convention utensils. The paper plates and bowls are made by fusing two layers of good quality paper with a sheet of polythene. The product can be in any desired shape and size depending upon the die employed for manufacture. The quality of paper used is generally of importance as it should be firm enough to maintain the shape and hold the weight of the eatable served in it.

Tissue paper is soft, feathery, lightweight, highly absorbent, tear resistant, disposable and relatively strong paper products. The tissue paper name originates from the French word “tissue”, which meaning cloth. Because of the tissue paper is as soft as cloth. It has become an important part in our daily life. Uses of this type of paper are increasing rapidly in worldwide.

Most paper cups are designed for a single use and then disposal. Very little recycled paper is used to make paper cups because of contamination concerns and regulations.

Few Indian Major Players are as under:

·         Shree Balaji Enterprises

·         Halai G S Plastic

·         Prakrithi Exports

·         Corp Scan Business Consultants

·         Shank Trading Corporation

·         Goldcoin Foam Private Ltd.

Market Outlook

Global sales of disposable cups were valued at close to US$ 12 Bn in 2016 and are projected to reach more than US$ 20 Bn by 2026. Sales revenue is expected to increase at a CAGR of 5.9% in terms of value during the projected period.

India’s per capita paper consumption at nine kg, against 22 kg in Indonesia, 25 kg in Malaysia and 42 kg in China. The global average stands at 58 kg.

Due to the recent change in the life style of urban class the demand for disposable cups is increasing at a rapid rate. Apart from being used at home, they also come in handy during parties, picnics and other functions and get-togethers. Plastic disposable cups are also used by Ice-cream industry, hotels, restaurants, canteens etc. but the major customer of disposable cups is ice-cream industry and they have started using plastic cups instead of paper ones that were being used earlier. The main advantage of these plastic cups is that they are completely leak proof. Plastic cups can be made up of different sizes and they can hold bulk material easily in comparison to the traditional paper cups. Besides organization like Railways, Airlines are using a good quantity of plastic disposable cups.

The demand for paper plates is likely to grow substantially in future both in urban as well as rural areas. Paper plates are produced from paperboards classed in the category of industrial paper. Due weightage is given to the fact that demand for boards and industrial paper is rising at a much faster rate than writing and printing paper. It has been estimated that demand for boards and industrial paper could be as high as nine per cent compared with five per cent now. According to recent data, globally, per capita paper consumption for Europe is 129 kg, Australia 116 kg, Asia 45 kg and in China it is 75 kg. In India, on the other hand, the per capita paper consumption hovers between nine and 11 kg. Even developing countries have a much higher per capita consumption as compared to India.

Among end use, restaurants accounted for the largest share in the foodservice disposables market, accounting for 33.4% value share in 2014. The segment is estimated to be valued at US$ 6,747 MN by 2015 end, reflecting a Y-o-Y growth of 5.0%.  Increasing number of online orders and home delivery of food over the last few years, linked with growth in number of working women and high demand for ready-to-eat food is the major factor driving the growth of the segment. Busy lifestyle and low consumer inclination towards cooking at home thus acts as a major driver for foodservice disposables market.

Thermocol, plastic and paper plates, glass and cups making business is one kind of business which can never go out of date. As long as people celebrates various occasions disposable kitchenware business can never come down. During occasions like marriages, birthday parties, festivals, social gatherings, and other parties these disposable items play very important role. These disposable items are meant for serving food to the people who gather in large number. Instead of using porcelain or other material made plates these disposable kitchenware are best alternate which comes in budget.

Today, disposable food packaging containers have gained wide acceptance all over the world because of their extensive applicability in varied industries and households. Further, disposable plates, bowls, cups and other types of food container provide an option of eating away from home without disturbing the nutritional value of eatables. World’s major food and beverage industries prefer the Thermocol plates, glass and cups to avoid washing trouble.

Demand for foodservice disposables in the market is projected to increase 3.9 percent per year to $21.9 billion in 2019. Packaging will remain the most common product segment and will outpace service ware, napkins and other foodservice disposables. Retail and vending will be the fastest growing market, while eating and drinking places will remain dominant.

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