Bitumen emulsion is a liquid product in which bitumen is suspended in a finely divided condition in an aqueous medium and stabilised by suitable material. Normally cationic type emulsions are used in India. The bitumen content in the emulsion is around 60% and the remaining is water. When the emulsion is applied on the road it breaks down resulting in release of water and the mix starts to set. The time of setting depends upon the grade of bitumen.

Three types of bituminous emulsions are available, which are Rapid setting (RS), Medium setting (MS), and Slow setting (SC). Bitumen emulsions are ideal binders for hill road construction. Where heating of bitumen or aggregates are difficult. Rapid setting emulsions are used for surface dressing work. Medium setting emulsions are preferred for premix jobs and patch repairs work. Slow setting emulsions are preferred in rainy season.

Bitumen is used as a binder in road construction and in protective coatings and adhesives used in the construction industry. In the most common processes the bitumen is heated to 100–200° C until fluid enough to mix with aggregate.

Advantages and Uses of Bitumen Emulsions are:

·        Bitumen emulsion are used extensively in bituminous road construction. Other than this they are used for maintenance and repair work.

·        Emulsions can be used in wet weather even if it is raining.

·        Bitumen emulation is also used in soil stabilization in desert areas.

·        It doesn’t need extra heat while placing.

·        There is no wastage in placing and laying of bitumen.

·        They possess anti-stripping properties.

·        Rapid setting type of emulsion are used in surface of roads.

·        Medium setting type of emulsion are used in premixing of bitumen emulsion and coarse aggregate.

·        Slow setting type of emulsion are used with fine aggregates as the surface area is large and requires time for uniform mixing.

Market Outlook

Global bitumen demand is expected to reach 122 million tonnes in 2018 and the increasing road construction activities in the fast growing markets of China and India are expected to drive the growth of the bitumen market in Asia. India’s bitumen consumption will outpace production in the coming years as demand is expected to accelerate.

The global bitumen market’s growth rate is, however, restrained to a high degree by the environmental hazards created by the use of bitumen.

Bitumen market share for waterproofing applications was valued at over USD 9 billion in 2015. The product is widely used in waterproofing applications such roofing and piping. Superior water resistance characteristics of the product makes it suitable to finds widespread applications across construction industry, owing to boost the business growth by 2024.

Road construction to meet 40km per day target next year.

Construction of road works by the ministry in the past two years has been progressing at a speed of 17.3 km per day.

A record length of about 10,000 km was awarded and about 6,000 km of road stretches were completed in 2015-16. The current construction rate for national highways has gone up to about 18 km per day.

The sector also received a 25 per cent higher allocation (central plan outlay) in the 2016-17 Budget.

Analysts estimate that only 30 percent of the highway construction target of about 15,000 kilometres for FY17 achieved in the first nine months of FY17.

India will invest as much as Rs.2.21 trillion in creating and upgrading infrastructure in the next fiscal year. In 2015, India awarded the highest number of road projects by length and produced the highest number of motor vehicles.

 The government plans to develop road projects spanning 50,000km and entailing investments of about $250 billion over the next five to six years,

The pace of completion of road projects will also rise to 10,000km in 2016-17. In addition, nearly 50,000km of state highways will also be taken up for upgradation to national highways.

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