Textile manufacturing is a major industry. It is based on the conversion of fibre into yarn, yarn into fabric. These are then dyed or printed, fabricated into clothes. Different types of fibre are used to produce yarn. Cotton remains the most important natural fibre, so is treated in depth. There are many variable processes available at the spinning and fabric-forming stages coupled with the complexities of the finishing and colouration processes to the production of a wide ranges of products. There remains a large industry that uses hand techniques to achieve the same results.

The name derives from the twisting and spiralling movements of the silkworm larva as it wraps itself in its cocoon, and to the metaphorical principle of "reeling the silk from a silk worm's cocoon". In order to draw out the silk successfully the action must be smooth and consistent without jerking or changing direction sharply. Too fast, the silk breaks, too slow, it sticks to itself and becomes tangled. Thus silk reeling movements are continuous, cyclic, spiralling patterns performed at constant speed with the "light touch" of drawing silk. Silk reeling is trained in solo forms and stances as well as in pushing hands with a partner.

The silk reeling techniques are excellent methods to produce superior grade raw silk which is used by the textile industry to produce exotic fabric. Silk reeling is the final and purely commercial phase of sericulture. It is concerned with unwinding of the silk filaments of the cocoon. The sericulture industry is agro based and flourishing mostly in rural areas. More than 50 per cent of silk is reeled by a villager using country charka which forms the cottage industry. Silk provides much needed work in several developing and labour rich countries. The textile industry is primarily concerned with the production of yarn, and cloth and the subsequent design or manufacture of clothing and their distribution. The raw material may be natural or synthetic using products of the chemical industry.

Market Outlook

The global silk market is projected to reach USD 16.94 Billion by 2021, at a CAGR of 7.8% from 2016 to 2021.

The market size of India’s textiles and apparel industry was valued at about US$108 billion and expected to reach US$223 billion by 2021.

India is the second largest producer of silk in the World. Among the four varieties of silk produced in 2015-16.

The textiles sector is the second largest provider of employment after agriculture. Thus, the growth and all round development to this industry has a direct bearing on the improvement of India's economy.

Textiles exports from India will touch US$ 185 billion by the year 2024-25.

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