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Cashew value added Products and Projects

India is the largest producer, processor, exporter, and the second largest consumer of cashew kernels in the world.

Cashew processing is a highly labour-intensive activity. The processing is carried out in multiple factories located in different places. Grading and packaging of finished products are centralized due to marketable quantity accumulation requirements. The industry is highly dependent on imported raw-materials for value addition. The export marketing is highly competitive. Hence, growth in the indigenous production is a must for the existence and growth of the industry. Currently, domestic production is hardly half of the requirement. The domestic cashew processing industry requires 12 lakh tonnes of cashew a year for fully utilizing the installed capacity.

Maharashtra, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala are the major cashew producing states among the 15 other state in the country. The domestic consumption of cashew or the wonder nut, mainly used in many Indian sweets, pastries and gravies, would also grow in the range of 8-10% in the current fiscal, according to reports. Of the total raw cashew nut only 20-25% is the out put of the kernel.India, which produces around five lakh tonnes of raw cashew, imports another seven lakh tonnes every year to meet the requirement of processing sector. The various cashew kernels include cashew kernels (raw, salted or roasted), Cashew Nut Shell Liquid etc.

There exists good market in India for Cashew nut and tremendous export potential. The markets for processed cashew nuts are growing.Cashew kernel export is also expected to grow in value terms at Rs 2,500 crore against Rs 2,288.90 crore in 2007-08, according to the estimates by the Cashew Promotion Council of India. In terms of quantity, exports are likely to go up by about 5% in the coming years.

 

 

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Cashew Nut Processing Unit

The cashew nut is a popular dessert nut, eaten out of hand, with other mixed nuts and used in baking and confections. Sixty percent of cashews are consumed as salted nuts. The cashew apple is generally processed and consumed locally. The raw cashew nut is the main commercial product of the cashew tree, though yields of the cashew apple are eight to ten times the weight of the raw nuts. ? India is the third largest consumer of cashew nuts in the world & India stands first in Cashew Nut Processing. India processes around 1.59 million tons of cashew nuts every year though it produces only around half of the quantity that it processes. India’s cashew industry might have to increase domestic production to over 2 million tonnes by the year 2025, it is expected to achieve a target of 2.14 MT of raw cashew nut production in India, against the estimated demand of 2.19 MT by the year 2025. Which facilitates the development of new technologies and ensure a high quality product. Few Indian major players are as under • Ames Foods Processors India Pvt. Ltd. • Ashoka Estate Developers Pvt. Ltd. • Chandra Cashew Imports & Exports Pvt. Ltd. • Goa Forest Development Corpn. Ltd. • Kerala State Cashew Devp. Corpn. Ltd. • Padmavathi Cashews & Coffee Ltd.
Plant capacity: Cashew Nut Processing Unit: 20 MT/Day Plant & machinery: Rs. 155 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs. 750 lakhs
Return: 31.00%Break even: 62.00%
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Cardanol Production from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL)

Cardanol Production from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL). Cardanol Manufacturing Business. Profitable Cashew Nut Processing Industry Cardanol is a natural phenol obtained from anacardic acid, the main component of cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), a byproduct of cashew nut processing being an eco-friendly substitute for phenols. Cashew phenol popularly known as Cardanol or Card-Phenol manufactured from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). It is a monohydroxyl phenol having a long hydrocarbon chain (C15H27) in a metaposition. The name cardanol is used for the decarboxylases derivatives obtained by thermal decomposition of any of the naturally occurring anacardic acids. This includes more than one compound because the composition of the side chain varies in its degree of unsaturation. Tri-unsaturated cardanol, the major component (41%) is shown below. The remaining cardanol is 34% mono-unsaturated, 22% bi-unsaturated, and 2% saturated. Application: Cardanol finds use in the chemical industry in Oil and Alcohol soluble resins, laminating resins, rubber compounding and coatings, serving as an excellent raw material for the preparation of high grade insulating varnishes, paints, enamels. It is used in friction materials, and surfactants as pigment dispersants for water-based inks and to make phenalkamines, which are used as curing agents for the durable epoxy coatings used on concrete floors. Cardanol can substitute Phenol in up to 30% in phenolic resins used as plywood bonding resin and for the lamination industries. Cardanol derivatives are extensively used in laminating industry for reducing brittleness and improving the flexibility of laminates produced by the co-condensation of phenol, CNSL and formaldehyde, the resins improve resistance to heat, minimize age-hardening and improve bonding of the reinforcement materials like paper, cloth and glass fibre to the matrix. Cardanol is used as a dispersant and plasticizer. Cardanol is isolated from cashew nut shells by vacuum distillation. Utilization of CNSL in polymer chemistry has been well experimented and commercialized. Cardanol can be substituted for phenol by up to 30% in phenolic resins used as plywood binding resins and for the lamination industries for cost savings purposes. Cardanol is processed and extracted from CNSL with respective its fractional distillation at 200°C to 240°C with a pressure less than 5mm of mercury. Cardanol is renewable, cost effective and easily produced in many regions in India and Asian countries with the limited usage of diesel. These products extracted from Cardanol have many advantages over other substituted phenols. Therefore it is widely used in the manufacture of surface coatings, Insulating varnishes, oil and alcohol soluble resins, laminating resins, Rubber compounding, Azo dyes, etc. As the viscosity of Cardanol is very high (compared to diesel) in the present investigation. Market Outlook The major cashew production distribution in India is in the states of Kerala, Karnataka, Goa and Maharashtra along the West Coast, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Orissa along the East Coast and some in the states of West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Jharkhand and North Eastern States. The production and productivity of cashew is highest in the state of Maharashtra. Cashew generates employment in the processing and agrarian sector of India employing over 3 lakh persons with more than 95% of them being women. India’s total export for Cashew nuts kernel (in shell) to the world in 2017 were US$ 16.3 million while import were US$ 1453.1 million. Major countries to which India is exporting were Vietnam (US$ 15 million) and Côte d’Ivoire (US$ 1 million) while importing from Côte d’Ivoire (US$ 301 million), Tanzania (US$ 301 million) and Guinea-Bissau (US$ 254 million). Cashew Nut Shell Liquid/Cardanol India’s total export for Cashew nut shell liquid/Cardanol to the world in 2017 were US$ 4.5 million primarily to Korea (US$2.9 million). India’s import for the same are not significant. The major value added products from CNSL produced in the country are Cardanol, CNSL resins, Recidol and many other high value products. The demand for CNSL and Cardanol is steady to high based on growing demand from the paint and varnish manufacturers. In recent years, emphasis has been given on effective utilization of naturally available and renewable resources for the development of raw materials for various polymer based products. Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL), and one of its ingredients, cardanol can be successfully exploited for the development of phenolic resins for the manufacture of different industrial products. The multi-functional role of cardanol and cardanol pre-polymers has been well documented in the literature in the last few years and it has left many options open to derive useful products out of this agricultural by-product. The phenolic nature of cardanol has prompted different researchers to react it with formaldehyde or with other aldehydes to produce numerous resinous materials just like those produced from phenol. An umpteen number of literature has been cited in the previous sections of this chapter highlighting the utilization of o- and p- functionality of cardanol. Besides, cardanol has an acidic-phenolic hydroxyl group and a long metasubstituted unsaturated hydrocarbon side chain which can be exploited fruitfully, for carrying out further chemical reactions, leading to new polymers. Cardanol-based active hydrogen compound containing various chemical groups is a choice of raw material for the development of such polyurethanes, as the systematic attempts are rather scanty. Further, the fact that CNSL is a renewable natural resource abundantly available at a low cost, adds to the scope of such an endeavor. Cardanol is one of the few aromatic biobased raw materials. The majority of biobased materials are aliphatic and therefore have a limited range of applications. The major value added products from CNSL produced in the country are Cardanol, CNSL resins, Recidol and many other high value products. The demand for CNSL and Cardanol is steady to high based on growing demand from the paint and varnish manufacturers. In recent years, emphasis has been given on effective utilization of naturally available and renewable resources for the development of raw materials for various polymer based products. Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL), and one of its ingredients, cardanol can be successfully exploited for the development of phenolic resins for the manufacture of different industrial products. The multi-functional role of cardanol and cardanol pre-polymers has been well documented in the literature in the last few years and it has left many options open to derive useful products out of this agricultural by-product. The phenolic nature of cardanol has prompted different researchers to react it with formaldehyde or with other aldehydes to produce numerous resinous materials just like those produced from phenol. An umpteen number of literature has been cited in the previous sections of this chapter highlighting the utilization of o- and p- functionality of cardanol. Besides, cardanol has an acidic-phenolic hydroxyl group and a long metasubstituted unsaturated hydrocarbon side chain which can be exploited fruitfully, for carrying out further chemical reactions, leading to new polymers. Cardanol-based active hydrogen compound containing various chemical groups is a choice of raw material for the development of such polyurethanes, as the systematic attempts are rather scanty. Further, the fact that CNSL is a renewable natural resource abundantly available at a low cost, adds to the scope of such an endeavor. Cardanol is one of the few aromatic biobased raw materials. The majority of biobased materials are aliphatic and therefore have a limited range of applications.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Roasted Salted Cashew Kernel from Cashew Nut

Cashew kernels, which have a slight brown colour due to longer roasting. They have all the other characteristics of white kernels and have the same nutritional qualities. Butts, splits and pieces are priced lower and are ideal for cooking, preparation of sweets and savoury snacks. Cashew nuts types or cashew Kernels varieties are graded into white/scorched wholes, pieces, splits, butts etc. Depending on the shape, size & colour of the kernel. The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) is a short, stocky, low-spreading, evergreen tropical tree. The leaves are spirally arranged, leathery textured. It flowers once a year, between the months of November and January. Cashew kernels are processed from raw cashews. They have become increasingly popular all over the world in the recent years, eaten either as an evening snack or in breakfast meals Cashewnut kernels are mainly used for the snack market as a roasted and salted snack. Due to the lovely taste, the cashewnut is seen as an upper class nut. The cashewnut is becoming of more and more interest to industrial users and is as such used for cookies, cereals and is also promoted as a topping on ice-cream. Increasing demand for healthy snacks, growing demand from European countries and the rising number of primary processing units in Africa are the key factors driving the market growth. However, unfavorable climate changes pose a threat to cashew cultivation. The flowering, fruiting, pest incidence, yield and quality of cashew kernels and nut are highly vulnerable to climate change. India is one of the major producers and second largest exporter of cashew kernel in the global market, representing 19.1% share in the global cashew kernel exports. India produced 160,000 metric ton of cashew kernel in 2016. The total exports of cashew kernels from India were valued at USD 943,419 thousand, while the total quantity exported was 88,419 metric ton in the year 2017.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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CNSL Based Resin in Powder & Liquid Form

CNSL Based Resin mainly consists of two naturally produced Phenolic Compounds i.e. Anacardic Acid and Cardol. Both of them are non-drying and cannot be dried up unless by chemical reaction. CNSL Resin is a transparent viscous resin with golden color film. It is highly suitable for the surface coating application, where outstanding film properties and very high resistance to water and chemicals are required. • CNSL Resin is a transparent viscous resin with golden color film. It is highly suitable for the surface coating application, where outstanding film properties and very high resistance to water and chemicals are required. • Therefore, CNSL Resin is used commonly as a paint raw material due to its high water and chemical resistant property. CNSL aldehyde condensation products and CNSL based phenolic Resins are used in applications such as surface coatings, adhe sives. Various polyamines synthesised from CNSL are used s curing agents for epoxy resins. CNSL and its derivatives have been used as antioxidants, plasticizers and processing aids for rubber compounds, modifiers for plastic materials and used to provide oxidative resistance sulphur-cured natural rubber products.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Coconut and Cashew Feni

Coconut tree is a member of the palm tree family and the only living species of the genus Cocos. The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut") can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. The country is the highest producer of coconuts in the world. The total cultivated area is over 1.94 million hectares. Basically, the four southern states of India, with Kerala, holds 90% of coconut production occupying about 50% of coconut cultivated area in India. The growing market for all coconut products is waking up even in the USA, Europe, and other countries. Cashew Feni Feni is a thrice distilled liquor derived from cashew fruit, the outer fruit surrounding the cashew nut. Feni has been a part of Goan food tradition for over 400 years. It is a fruity spirit with a distinct, pungent smell that could be quite overwhelming for some. Feni is a mainstream spirit traditionally consumed in mixed cocktails with sweet or sour profiles.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Extraction of Cashew Nut Shell Oil and Cardanol

The Portuguese introduced cashew (Botanical name AnacardiumOccidentale) to India four centuries ago, mostly to reduce soil erosion. The second most popular tree nut in international commerce circles is the cashew, which is followed by the almond. Cardanol is a phenol derived from anacardic acid, which is the major component of cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), a byproduct of the cashew nut manufacturing process. Cardanol is utilised in resins, coatings, frictional materials, and surfactants used as pigment dispersants in water-based inks in the chemical industry. Cardanol is obtained by distilling CNSL under decreased pressure. The residue will be high in cardanol, which is commonly known as residol and can be utilised to make friction dust for brake linings as well as rubber compounding formulations. The liquid from cashew nuts is used in a variety of polymer-based industries, including paints and varnishes, resins, industrial and ornamental laminates, brake linings, and rubber compounding resins. The cashew apple and its juice have a wide range of medical applications. It is an excellent purgative and an useful cure for survey, cough, and cold. Cashew nut wood is used for fuel and charcoal production. Corrugated and rigid board boxes are made from its wood pulp. The outside skin of the cashew nut is soft and feathery, whereas the inner layer is thin and firm. The honeycomb structure between these skins contains the phenolic compound known as Cashew Nut Shell Liquid, abbreviated as CNSL. The kernel, shell, and testa of the cashew nut are made up of 20 to 25 percent kernel, 60-70 percent cashew nut shell, and 2-5 percent testa on average. The shells can be burned to generate heat for the decorticating processes, and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is an important industry raw material for resin synthesis. Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL), the liquid contained within the shell casing of the cashew, has a number of industrial applications. Few Indian Major Players 1. Golden Cashew Products Pvt. Ltd. 2. Kerala State Cashew Devp. Corpn. Ltd. 3. Padmavathi Cashews & Coffee Ltd. 4. Pratap Cashew Co. Ltd.
Plant capacity: Cashew Nut Shell Oil 11.0 MT per day Cardanol 5.5 MT per day De-Oiled Cashew Nut Shell Cake (bye Product) 78.0 MT per dayPlant & machinery: 323 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: 752 Lakhs
Return: 26.72%Break even: 52.53%
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Manufacturing Business Cardanol from Cashew Nut Shell Oil

Cardanol is an important industrial phenol derived from cashew nut shell oil (CNSO). Cardanol is a natural phenolic resin obtained as a by-product of the production of cashew nut shell oil. The shells of cashew nuts are subjected to high temperatures and pressure, resulting in CNSO. This oil is then refined to produce cardanol. Cardanol is a mixture of anacardic acids, cardols, and related compounds, all of which have numerous industrial applications. Cardanol is a non-toxic, biodegradable, and renewable source of phenolic resin, making it suitable for use in a variety of industries including food, pharmaceutical, and chemical. It is also used as a green alternative to phenolic resins derived from petroleum. Its Functions and Applications Cardanol's most notable property is its thermal stability, which is much higher than that of most other types of resins. This means it can be used in extremely hot environments without losing structural integrity. Furthermore, cardanol has high mechanical strength, excellent electrical insulating properties, and resistance to UV light and weathering. Cardanol is useful in a variety of industrial and commercial applications. It is especially common in coatings, adhesives, sealants, moulded parts, and composite materials. It is also a component of oil-based paints and varnishes. Furthermore, cardanol is used in the production of electrical components such as transformers and cable glands. Cardanol has been studied in the medical field for its potential applications in the formulation of drug delivery systems, biodegradable implants, and wound dressings. Cardanol has also shown promise in applications involving energy storage devices such as batteries. Overall, cardanol is a versatile resin with a wide range of distinct properties and applications. It is a green material that can replace petroleum-based polymers in a variety of applications. Global Market Prospects The global Cardanol market was valued at US$ 29 million in 2022 and is expected to reach US$ 58 million by 2029, growing at a CAGR of 10.3% between 2023 and 2029. Cardanol is a phenolic compound found in cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), also known as Cashew Nut Shell Oil (CNSO). It is a non-toxic, renewable, and biodegradable raw material. Cardanol is used in the production of phenalkamines. Phenalkamines are used as a curing agent in the coating of concrete floors with durable epoxy. It is used in the lamination industry as an additive. Cardanol improves the dimensional stability, mechanical properties, and heat resistance of the products. These product characteristics are encouraging its use in the packaging of medical devices, electronics, and food and beverages. Cardanol demand is being fueled by the growing construction and automotive industries. The growing population and urbanisation are increasing demand for automobiles and construction activities, which is driving the cardanol market. Summery Cardanol derived from Cashew Nut Shell Oil is a fantastic business opportunity for entrepreneurs. It has a large market potential, is environmentally friendly, and has the potential to be a long-term source of revenue. It is an ideal business venture for entrepreneurs looking to invest in a growing industry due to its high demand, low production costs, and minimal waste. It's also an opportunity to make a difference in the environment. As Cardanol becomes more popular, more entrepreneurs should think about getting into this exciting and potentially lucrative business. Key Players • Cat Loi • LC BUFFALO • Son Chau • Cardolite • C.Ramakrishna Padayatchi • Adarsh Industrial Chemicals • Golden Cashew Products • Senesel • Xuzhou Zhongyan Technology • Wansheng • GHW International
Plant capacity: Cardanol:24 MT Per DayPlant & machinery: 152 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: 658 Lakhs
Return: 28.00%Break even: 60.00%
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  • One Lac / Lakh / Lakhs is equivalent to one hundred thousand (100,000)
  • One Crore is equivalent to ten million (10,000,000)
  • T.C.I is Total Capital Investment
  • We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement.
  • We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.
  • Caution: The project's cost, capacity and return are subject to change without any notice. Future projects may have different values of project cost, capacity or return.

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