Maize, Corn and its Bye Products, Glucose, Starch, Dextrose

Agriculture is one of the strongholds of the Indian economy and accounts for 18.5 per cent of the country’s gross domestic product .Maize is a coarse grain and it is now being accepted as staple diet and its demand is increasing year by year. In India, maize is the third important cereal crop after rice and wheat in terms of area. Currently, 49 per cent of maize output is used as poultry feed, 12 per cent as animal feed, 25 per cent as food, 13 per cent in starch and other industries, and 1 per cent as seed. Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra are the major maize producing states. The products from maize are value added products which include maize starch, liquid glucose, dextrose monohydrate, anhydrous dextrose, sorbitol, corn gluten to name a few.In India, the prime source of starch is maize and the textile industry is for long the largest buyer of maize starch in India.

In India, maize is a kharif crop with harvests and arrivals due only from October onwards. Kharif contributes over 80 per cent of the entire maize output. Bulk of the maize produced in the country goes for production of poultry feed. It is estimated that the demand for maize from the poultry industry would rise by about 6 per cent. About twelve states which include Bihar, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Delhi account for over 50 per cent of the total maize acreage in the country. Increasing demand from Poultry sector is likely to substantially hike maize consumption to go over 30 million tons by 2020.

The current level of maize yield in the country (2.17 MT/Ha) is far behind the global average of 5 MT/Ha, and there is a huge scope for improvement in yield by improving the adoption of hybrids, particularly in traditional maize growing regions. With the growing demand from feed and starch sector, the overall demand for maize is likely to grow at a brisk pace. India has a huge potential to increase its market share and to make its presence felt in the global maize market.

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Maize Products Starch, Oxidized Starch, Liquid Glucose And Dextrose

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Plant capacity: 50 MT/Day maize Plant & machinery: Rs. 140 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Rs. 800 Lakhs
Return: 62.00%Break even: 29.00%
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CORN PROCESSING PLANT (For Glucose Syrup & Fructose)

Glucose Syrup is a clear, colourless, viscous solution making it compatible with the physical properties desired in the end products chemically, glucose syrup has functional properties such as high fermentability, viscosity, humectancy – hygroscopicity, sweetness, colligative properties and its role in maillard’s reaction. Glucose syrup is one of the main products of photosynthesis and starts cellular respiration in both bacteria and archaea. Fructose is a simple monosaccharide found in many foods. It is a white solid that dissolves readily in water. Honey, tree fruits, barriers, melons, and some root vegetables, contain significant amounts of the fructose derivative sucrose. Sucrose is a disaccharide derived from the condensation of glucose & Fructose. Fructose corn syrup is a sweetener made from corn and can be found in numerous foods and beverages on grocery store shelves. High fructose corn syrup is composed of either 42 or 55 percent fructose with the remaining sugars being primarily glucose and higher sugar. It terms of composition, high fructose corn syrup is nearly identical to table sugar, which is composed of 50 percent fructose and 50 percent glucose. Glucose is one of the simplest forms of sugar that serves as a building block for most carbohydrates. Fructose is a simple sugar commonly found in fruits and honey. High fructose corn syrup is used in foods and beverages because of the many benefits it offers. In addition to providing sweetness at a level equivalent to sugar, high fructose corn syrup enhances fruit & spice flavours in foods. Such as yogurt and spaghetti sauces, gives chewy breakfast bars their soft texture and also protects freshness. Fructose corn syrup keeps products fresh by maintaining consistent moisture. In Indian food market is poised to grow two fold by in the coming years. At a compound annual grow rate of 4.1%. The steady growth of the Indian economy & the improving life style of Indians have been instrumental in this growth. So, there is good scope in future for these type of plants.
Plant capacity: 42000 MT/Annum (Corn Processing), 125 MT Glucose Syrup Per Day., 125 MT Fructose Per Day. Plant & machinery: 430 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 1 Million
Return: 39.00%Break even: 46.00%
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MAIZE & ITS BY-PRODUCTS

Maize is one of the main cereal grains which is produced throughout India and is placed 3rd position in agricultural base production though it is not our staple basic food. Maize is constituted by hull, germ, protein, starch and moisture. Maize is generally processed using the dry and wet milling processes. There is dry and wet milling process for manufacturing of by-products such as starch, zein, germ and hulls. Starch is used in the manufacture of number of products such as starch esters, starch phosphates, glucose, dextrose, sorbitol, ethyl alcohol etc. Starch is the basic constituent of maize and it is converted to liquid glucose by adopting series of digestion steps on starch. It will be basically enzyme and acid digestion system. It may be enzyme - enzyme system or only acid digestion system. In the production of liquid glucose there is some production of dextrose anhydride. India is the fifth largest producer of maize in the world contributing 3% of the global production. In India, maize is grown in all seasons i.e., kharif, Rabi and summer. Of these three seasons, nearly 90% of the production is from kharif season, 7-8% during Rabi season and remaining 1-2% during summer season. Since the maize is rain dependent, it is mainly grown during kharif season. Presently, in India, maize is mainly used for preparation of poultry feed and extraction of starch. Out of total arrivals to the wholesale markets nearly 75% of the produce is bought by the poultry feed manufacturers and 20% is purchased by the starch extractors. The wet milling industry in India is limited to certain pockets such as Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Karnataka and Chhattisgarh. There are about 17 wet milling units with a crushing capacity of about 3400 MT of maize/day. Gujarat is the largest producer of starch, having six units with a total crushing capacity of 1350 MT of maize per day, followed by Maharashtra with 5 units and capacity of 1050 MT and Madhya Pradesh with 3 units and capacity of 450 MT maize. There is a good scope to venture into this field. Few Major players are as under: Anil Products Ltd. Ahmadabad English Indian Clays Ltd. Thiruvananthapuram Gayatri Bioorganics Ltd. Hyderabad Gujarat Ambuja Exports Ltd. Ahmadabad Gulshan Polyols Ltd. Muzaffarnagar Indian Maize & Chemicals Ltd. Kamala Sugar Mills Ltd. Coimbatore Karnataka State Agro Corn Products Ltd. Bangalore Laxmi Starch Ltd. Kollam Origin Agrostar Ltd. Chennai Pondicherry Agro Service & Inds. Corpn. Ltd. Chennai Rai Agro Inds. Ltd. Sangrur Riddhi Siddhi Gluco Biols Ltd. Ahmadabad Santosh Starch Ltd. Ahmadabad Santosh Starch Products Ltd. Mumbai Sayaji Industries Ltd. Gandhinagar Sukhjit Starch & Chemicals Ltd. Hoshiarpur Tirupati Starch & Chemicals Ltd. Indore Unique Sugars Ltd. Mumbai Universal Starch-Chem Allied Ltd. Mumbai
Plant capacity: Starch – 105000 MT/Annum,Liquid Glucose – 2250 MT/Annum,Dextrose Monohydrate – 9000 MT/Annum, Oxidised Starch 1125 MT/Annum,Hull – By Product - 1800 MT/Annum,Zein – By Product - 3600 MT/Annum,Germ – By Product - 2100 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: 207 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 686 Lakhs
Return: 38.00%Break even: 57.00%
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GLUCOSE SALINE

Dextrose is a carbohydrate caloric agent. Glucose, also known as dextrose, is a simple sugar that can be found in nature and are chemically identical. Dextrose is simply in lay terms sugar water and is generally used in those patients who have a very low blood glucose level or are unable to eat for some reason. It is a short term treatment generally. D5NS (Dextrose 5% in normal saline) is hypertonic, meaning it has a higher solute concentration than tissues, so it can be used to help draw fluids out of oedematous (fluid-swollen) tissues. Dextrose (glucose) 5% and normal saline (sodium chloride or common table salt 8.5 grams per 100 ml of distilled water), have the same tonicity or concentration of the rest of the body fluids, that is, they will do no harm to the rest of the fluids of the body whereas Saline or 9%NS IV solution is used as the universal fluid replacement in dehydrated individuals, it is the same composition as the body's normal fluid and most IV medications can safely be mixed with or push through saline. Dosage of dextrose depends on the age, weight, clinical condition, and fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the patient. Dextrose is readily metabolized; it increases blood glucose concentrations and provides calories. Dextrose may decrease body protein and nitrogen losses, promote glycogen deposition, and decrease or prevent ketosis if sufficient doses are given. Since dextrose is usually metabolized to carbon dioxide and water, administration of a solution of dextrose and water is equivalent to providing the same volume of free water. Following oral administration, dextrose, a monosaccharide, is rapidly absorbed from the small intestine principally by an active mechanism. In patients with hypoglycemia, increases in blood glucose concentration usually occur within 10–20 minutes and peak at about 40 minutes after oral administration of dextrose. In medicine, saline (also saline solution) is a general term referring to a sterile solution of sodium chloride (NaCl, more commonly known as salt) in water but is only sterile when it is to be placed intravenously; otherwise, a saline solution is a salt water solution. Thus, an intravenous infusion, a saline solution is typically mixed with dextrose or glucose to reduce any complications from infusing saline solution and to reduce the amount of sodium circulating through the blood stream. This works particularly well as a water and nutrient supplement to sustain hospitalized patients who are unable to eat or drink or who have suffered dehydration from severe vomiting or diarrhea. In present era, people are becoming very health conscious as the infection through air, water, food is prevailing across the country to the maximum. As hospitals are increasing day by day, doctors also prefer to use distilled water ampoules. There are several in organized and private sectors are engaged in the manufacturing of different grade dextrose saline solution. The demand growth is about 5% in each and every year. The entire demand gap is fulfilled by the domestic manufacturers. There is scope of dextrose saline bottle. New entrepreneur may launch in this field will be successful. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Gulshan Polyols Ltd. Kamala Sugar Mills Ltd. Origin Agrostar Ltd. Rai Agro Inds. Ltd. Sanjeevanee Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Santosh Starch Ltd. Sukhjit Starch & Chemicals Ltd. Unique Sugars Ltd. Universal Starch-Chem Allied Ltd.
Plant capacity: 3600 Thousand Bottles Each Bottles 500 ml/AnnumPlant & machinery: 66 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 153 Lakhs
Return: 42.00%Break even: 59.00%
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HIGH FRUCTOSE CORN SYRUP (HFCS)

Fructose is a simple monosaccharide found in many foods. It is a white solid that dissolves readily in water. Honey, tree fruits, berries, melons and some root vegetables, contain significant amounts of the fructose derivative sucrose (table sugar). Sucrose is a disaccharide derived from the condensation of glucose and fructose. Crystalline fructose and high-fructose corn syrup are often confused as the same product. Crystalline fructose, which is often produced from a fructose-enriched corn syrup, is indeed the monosaccharide. High-fructose corn syrup, however, is usually considered to be a mixture of nearly equal amounts of fructose and glucose. High fructose corn syrup provides sweetness intensity equivalent to sugar. High fructose corn syrup can replace sugar in one-for-one proportions. The sweetness profile of high fructose corn syrup enhances many fruit, citrus and spice flavors in beverages, bakery fillings and dairy products. High fructose corn syrup is composed of either 42 percent or 55 percent fructose, with the remaining sugars being primarily glucose and higher sugars. In terms of composition, high fructose corn syrup is nearly identical to table sugar (sucrose), which is composed of 50 percent fructose and 50 percent glucose. Glucose is one of the simplest forms of sugar that serves as a building block for most carbohydrates. Fructose is a simple sugar commonly found in fruits and honey. High fructose corn syrup is used in foods and beverages because of the many benefits it offers. In addition to providing sweetness at a level equivalent to sugar, High fructose corn syrup enhances fruit and spice flavors in foods such as yogurt and spaghetti sauces, gives chewy breakfast bars their soft texture and also protects freshness. High fructose corn syrup keeps products fresh by maintaining consistent moisture. The industry responses towards substitution of sugar by HFS are positive provided a) it does not interfere with the product quality; b) regular supply of HFS is ensured; c) its use offers a price advantage over sugar; d) it does not change colour on heating; e) preservative qualities for the products is as good as in the case of sugar; f) there is no objection in using HFS by FPO or other food related enforcement agencies. HFS can replace sugar in industrial and domestic applications. Among industries, the major consuming sectors include bakery, confectionery, processed foods, beverages, soft drinks, ice creams, baby foods. Now-a-days the demand for HFCS is increasing day by day, so there is wide scope for new entrepreneurs to venture into this project.
Plant capacity: 37500 MT/Annum (High Fructose Corn Syrup, 15000 MT/Anuum (Gluten)Plant & machinery: 2314 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 3430 Lakhs
Return: 46.00%Break even: 33.00%
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MAIZE & ITS BY-PRODUCTS

Maize provides nutrients for humans and animals and serves as a basic raw material for the production of starch, oil and protein, alcoholic beverages, food sweeteners and, more recently, fuel. Maize is high yielding, easy to process, readily digested, and costs less than other cereals. It is also a versatile crop, allowing it to grow across a range of agro ecological zones. Every part of the maize plant has economic value: the grain, leaves, stalk, tassel, and cob can all be used to produce a large variety of food and non-food products. Maize is the one of the cereal grains which produces throughout India and is placed 3rd position in agricultural base production though maize is not our staple basic food but our basic staple foods are wheat and rice. Maize is constituted by hull, germ, protein, starch and moisture. There is dry and wet milling process of manufacturing of starch, zein, germ and hulls. Starch is the basic constituent of maize and it is converted to liquid glucose by adopting series of digestion steps on starch. It will be basically enzyme and acid digestion system. It may be enzyme - enzyme system or only acid digestion system. In the production of liquid glucose there is some production of dextrose anhydride. India is the fifth largest producer of maize in the world contributing 3% of the global production. In India, maize is grown in all the seasons i.e., kharif, rabi and summer. Of these three seasons, nearly 90% of the production is from kharif season, 7-8% during rabi season and remaining 1-2% during summer season. Since the maize is rain dependent, it is mainly grown during kharif season. Presently, in India, maize is mainly used for preparation of poultry feed and extraction of starch. Out of total arrivals to the mandis nearly 75% of the produce is bought by the poultry feed manufacturers and 20% is purchased by the starch extractors. There are three-four organized sectors are engaged for the production of liquid glucose and it’s by products. The wet milling industry in India is limited to certain pockets such as Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Karnataka and Chattisgarh. There are about 17 wet milling units with a crushing capacity of about 3400 MT of maize/day. There is good scope in the market of the products. There is a very good scope and ample space for growth in this field. New entrepreneurs should venture into this field. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Company Name Anil Products Ltd. English Indian Clays Ltd. Gayatri Bioorganics Ltd. Gujarat Ambuja Exports Ltd. Gulshan Polyols Ltd. Indian Maize & Chemicals Ltd. Kamala Sugar Mills Ltd. Karnataka State Agro Corn Products Ltd. Laxmi Starch Ltd. Origin Agrostar Ltd. Pondicherry Agro Service & Inds. Corpn. Ltd. Rai Agro Inds. Ltd. Riddhi Siddhi Gluco Biols Ltd. Santosh Starch Ltd. Santosh Starch Products Ltd. Sayaji Industries Ltd. Sukhjit Starch & Chemicals Ltd. Tirupati Starch & Chemicals Ltd. Unique Sugars Ltd. Universal Starch-Chem Allied Ltd. Capacity : 10500 MT/Annum Starch 2250 MT/Annum Liquid Glucose 9000 MT/Annum Dextrose Monohydrate 1125 MT/Annum Oxidised Starch 1800 MT/Annum Hull By Product 3600 MT/Annum Zein By Product 2100 MT/Annum Germ By Product
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: 238 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 697 Lakhs
Return: 33.00%Break even: 60.00%
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SORBITOL

Sorbitol, a polyol (sugar alcohol), is a bulk sweetener. Sorbitol is produced either from starch hydrolysates, from dextrose syrup, or from dextrose monohydrate. It is a water soluble polyhydric alcohol, having sweet taste and high stability besides properties of humectancy and plasticizing. Sorbitol is about 60 percent as sweet as sucrose with one-third fewer calories. It finds a wide range of application such as oral care, cosmetics, pharma, paints, etc. Sorbitol also combines well with other food ingredients such as sugars, gelling agents, proteins and vegetable fats. It functions well in many food products such as chewing gums, candies, frozen desserts, cookies, cakes, icings and fillings. It is used to manufacture toothpaste, tonics/liquid pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetic products like face creams and lotions, etc. It has a smooth mouthfeel with a sweet, cool and pleasant taste. It is non-cariogenic and may be useful to people with diabetes. In pharmaceutical sector it finds application in vitamin syrups, cough syrups, tablet compounding and many others. A newly developing outlet for sorbitol is its use in producing clarifying agents for polypropylene. Clarifying agents enable polypropylene to substitute for higher cost polymers in food packaging, drinking cups and housewares. Sorbitol meant for other applications, be it food, hygiene products or pharmaceuticals, can be of the "non-crystallizing" type and is produced from starch hydrolysates. Sorbitol is produced either from starch hydrolysates, from dextrose syrup, or from dextrose monohydrate. Sorbitol is manufactured by reaction with hydrogen gas with high pressure hydrogenation of 50% aqueous dextrose solution at 140 to 165 Deg C in 3 to 4 hours with Raney nickel catalyst, using promoters such as salts of magnesium, nickel, molybdenum, iron etc. Generally dextrose is produced in house from Starch by enzymatic process The Indian demand is around 90000 tonnes per annum. In India, Sorbitol is produced only as 70% solution and the operating capacity is around 125900 tonnes per annum. The global demand is around 1.6 million tonnes per annum (both liquid and crystalline) with a growth rate of around 3% per annum. Major Manufacturers • Anil Products Ltd.,Ahmedabad • Gulshan Polyols (Gulshan Sugars & Chemicals Ltd.,) Delhi • Maize Products,Ahmedabad • Gujarat Ambuja Proteins Ltd. Ahmedabad • Sukhjit Starch Chemicals, Punjab • Kasyap Sweetners Ltd., Madhya Pradesh • Roquette America, Inc.US • Atanor S.A.USA • Coyne Chemical,USA • Habib Arkady Ltd.,Pakistan • Mudanjiang Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd.China • Pt Sumi Asih Oleochemical Industry,China • Shanghai Haohua Chemical Co., Ltd.Shanghai,China Sorbitol’s good taste, reduced caloric value, versatility and other advantages facilitate its use in a wide variety of products. With the increasing demand for products reduced in calories or fat, sorbitol’s use should increase as well. Considering the application potentials of sorbitol and the feasibility of exploiting the export opportunities, creation of new capacity for Sorbitol can be considered in the country.
Plant capacity: 40.0 Tonnes/DayPlant & machinery: Rs. 31 Lakhs
Working capital: Rs. 91 LakhsT.C.I: Rs. 151 Lakhs
Return: 56.65%Break even: 44.17%
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MODIFIED STARCH

Starches are modified to enhance their performance in different applications. Starches may be modified to increase their stability against excessive heat, acid, shear, time, cooling, or freezing; to change their texture; to decrease or increase their viscosity; to lengthen or shorten gelatinization time; or to increase their viscostability. Modified starches, starch derivatives, are prepared by physically, enzymatically, or chemically treating native starch, thereby changing the properties of the starch. Modified starches are used in practically all starch applications, such as in food products as a thickening agent, stabilizer or emulsifier; in pharmaceuticals as a disintegrater; or in paper as a binder .Carboxymethyl starch is used as an additive in oil drilling mud. Starches, especially modified starches, are also used as glues in cardboard manufacturing. Starches such as Gum Arabic and Gum Tragacanth are used as the glue for stamps and postal envelopes. They are also used in many other applications. The major Application Sector of modified starches is paper, oil drilling, textile, food / pharmaceutical, etc. Thus starch can be used in numerous possible functional application areas, including adhesion, antistaling, binding, clouding, dusting, emulsion stabilization, encapsulation, flowing aid, foam strengthening, gelling, glazing, moisture retention, molding, shaping, stabilizing and thickening. There are many types of important modified starch. To name a few some of them are physically modified starch, chemically modified starch and enzymatically modified starch. Starches can be modified in several ways to change their function as additives in products. They can be cross-linked, where the chains get stuck together into a mesh. They can be heated to break the long chains down into simpler molecules like dextrin, polydextrin, and maltodextrin. These are simply short starches. Starches can have hydrogen replaced by something else, such as a carboxymethyl group, making carboxymethyl starch. Some Indian manufacturers Gujarat Ambuja Proteins Ltd, Ahmedabad Sahyadri Starch & Chemicals (P) Ltd., Bangalore Tirupati Starch & Chem Ltd., Indore SPA Starch & Chemicals, Mumbai Karandikars Cashell Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai Universal Starch & Chemicals Ltd, Maharashtra The growth rate in demand for Starch/Modified starch is likely to be in tune with the performance and growth rate of downstream sector in the coming years. The Indian demand for the last financial year was around 75000tonnes per annum. The global production of starch is around 37 million tonnes per annum and the global demand is around 4 million tonnes per annum for modified starch. A number of potential applications of modified starch have not been exploited to a large extent. For example, modified starch can be used in various food applications as instant noodles, ham sausages, flavouring, frozen foods, beverages, ice-cream etc. Modified starch also can find application in biodegradable plastics and bioplastics, which is used in packaging, agricultural films, disposable cutlery. There is good potential for modified starch in food applications and prospects for growth seem bright. New entrepreneurs have a very good scope for exploration into such segments.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: N/ABreak even: N/A
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GOOD FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR MAIZE PROCESSING & ITS ALLIED PRODUCTS (STARCH, LIQUID GLUCOSE, DEXTROSE MONOHYDRATE, DEXTROSE ANYHDROUS, SORBITOL AND VITAMIN C)

Maize (Zea mays L) is one of the most important cereals of the world and provides more human food than any other cereal. Starch is a group of polysaccharides, composed of glucopyranose units joined together by glucosidric linkages. It conforms to the molecular formula, (C6 H10O5)n, where n varies from a few hundred to over one million. Starch is found as the reserve carbohydrate in various parts of plants and is enzymatically broken down to glucose to other carbohydrates according to the metabolic needs of the plants. Industrially, starch is broadly divided into two types viz., natural and modified. Natural starches also designated as unmodified starches or simply starches, are obtained from grains such as sorghum. Starch is also obtained from roots like potato, tapioca and arrowroot, and from the pith of the stems of certain palms such as sago. They are further classified into cereal starches and root starches. The characteristics of the natural starches are changed by chemical or enzymatic action and the products of these reactions are termed modified starches. This group includes dextrins, acid-modified starches, oxidized starches, starch esters, starch ethers, dialdehyde starches, and cationic starches. The roots of tapioca plant (manihot utilissima) forms one of the major sources of starch, ranking next to potato. The starch content of the plant varies between 12 and 33 per cent. The cereal starches, such as maize, wheat, rice and sorghum, are recovered by several processes, of which the wet milling is by far the most important. Starch is an absorbent for water. Starch and Glucose can be used in different end use industries such as in the manufacture of adhesives, sizing and finishing in textiles, thickening agents in gravies, custards, and confectioneries. Sizing papers, Cosmetics, explosives, reagent, face powders, indicators in domestic analysis, water soluble packaging films, book bindings fabrics, distilled liquors, malt sugar, cattle feed ingredient, rubber reinforcing resins etc. Starch in India is mainly used for cotton textile industry, paper and paper products, Biscuits and confectioneries and glucose and dextrose. Commercially glucose is produced from starch only and these two products are generally made in the same unit side by side. One tonnes of glucose needs 1.1 tonne of starch. About 90% of the liquid glucose produced in India is consumed by the confectionery industry. Liquid Glucose and Dextrose are the products of same origin, in liquid form and the late in powder form. Glucose powder (dextrose) is used an invalid food for pharmaceutical purposes. Aqueous isotonic solution (5%) of dextrose is given as intravenous infections to increase the volume of circulating blood shocks and hemorrhage and to counteract dehydration. Vitamin C is a strong monobasic acid and it is used as a powerful reducing agent in neutral and acidic solutions. It is also used medicine. It is an excellent nutritional agent. It is an antioxidant and a preservative in foodstuffs. It is used as a reducing agent in analytical chemistry. The ferric and calcium salts are available for biochemical research. It is also available as the sodium salt. Sorbitol is an organic chemical having varied end uses. It is edible non-crystalline, odorless white powder and having sweet cooling taste. It is highly soluble in water, and slightly in methyl alcohol. In the case of India, starch is being produced from Maize and tapioca. The units producing starch from maize are concentrated in large sector; and the units producing starch from tapioca are largely concentrated in the small-scale sector. There are many units as at present in the country producing starch from Maize and three units producing starch from Tapioca in the organized sector. The capacity for starch from Maize accounts for more than 80 per cent of the installed capacity in the organized sector. As against the organized sector, there are a number of units in the small and cottage sector producing starch mainly from tapioca. As regards glucose it is produced in solid as well as liquid form. The production of glucose is not possible in the small sector and therefore its production is not as widely spread as that of starch. Eight units manufacturing starch in the organized sector also produce liquid glucose simultaneously. The demand for liquid glucose depends mainly upon the growth of medicine, the pharmaceuticals, biscuits and confectionery industries. As such 80% of the total demand for liquid glucose is absorbed by drugs and pharmaceuticals, while only 20% is used in Biscuits, Confectioneries, toothpaste etc. There is a very good scope and ample space in this sector and new entrepreneurs should venture into this field. Capacity Maize Starch 30000 MT/Annum Liquid Glucose 600 MT/Annum Dextrose Monohydrate 3900 MT/Annum Dextrose Anhydrous 3000 MT/Annum Sorbitol 17100 MT/Annum Vitamin–C 150000 Kg/Annum
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: 780 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 2590 Lakhs
Return: 42.00%Break even: 56.00%
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MAIZE & ITS BY-PRODUCTS

Maize is one of the main cereal grains which is produced throughout India and is placed 3rd position in agricultural base production though it is not our staple basic food. Maize is constituted by hull, germ, protein, starch and moisture. Maize is generally processed using the dry and wet milling processes. There is dry and wet milling process for manufacturing of by products such as starch, zein, germ and hulls. Starch is used in the manufacture of number of products such as starch esters, starch phosphates, glucose, dextrose, sorbitol, ethyl alcohol etc. Starch is the basic constituent of maize and it is converted to liquid glucose by adopting series of digestion steps on starch. It will be basically enzyme and acid digestion system. It may be enzyme - enzyme system or only acid digestion system. In the production of liquid glucose there is some production of dextrose anhydride. India is the fifth largest producer of maize in the world contributing 3% of the global production. In India, maize is grown in all seasons i.e., kharif, Rabi and summer. Of these three seasons, nearly 90% of the production is from kharif season, 7 to 8% during Rabi season and remaining 1 to 2% during summer season. Since the maize is rain dependent, it is mainly grown during kharif season. Presently, in India, maize is mainly used for preparation of poultry feed and extraction of starch. Out of total arrivals to the mandis nearly 75% of the produce is bought by the poultry feed manufacturers and 20% is purchased by the starch extractors. The wet milling industry in India is limited to certain pockets such as Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Karnataka and Chhattisgarh. There are about 17 wet milling units with a crushing capacity of about 3400 MT of maize/day. Gujarat is the largest producer of starch, having six units with a total crushing capacity of 1350 MT of maize per day, followed by Maharashtra with 5 units and capacity of 1050 MT and Madhya Pradesh with 3 units and capacity of 450 MT maize. There is a good scope to venture into this field for new entrepreneurs. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Anil Products Ltd. Anil Starch Products Ltd. Bharat Starch Inds. Ltd. English Indian Clays Ltd. Gayatri Bioorganics Ltd. Gujarat Ambuja Exports Ltd. Gujarat Ambuja Proteins Ltd. Gulshan Polyols Ltd. Indian Maize & Chemicals Ltd. International Bestfoods Ltd. K G Gluco Biols Ltd. Kamala Sugar Mills Ltd. Karnataka State Agro Corn Products Ltd. Laxmi Starch Ltd. Origin Agrostar Ltd. Pondicherry Agro Service & Inds. Corpn. Ltd. Rai Agro Inds. Ltd. Riddhi Siddhi Gluco Biols Ltd. Santosh Starch Ltd. Santosh Starch Products Ltd. Sayaji Industries Ltd. Sukhjit Starch & Chemicals Ltd. Tirupati Starch & Chemicals Ltd. Unique Sugars Ltd. Universal Starch-Chem Allied Ltd. Wockhardt Health Care Ltd. Cost Estimation: Capacity : 5250 MT/Annum Starch 1125 MT/Annum Liquid Glucose 4500 MT/Annum Dextrose Monohydrous 562 MT/Annum Oxidised Starch 900 MT/Annum Hull 1800 MT/Annum Zien 1050 MT/Annum Germ as by Products
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: 179 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 543 Lakhs
Return: 43.00%Break even: 59.00%
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About NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES

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NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES (NPCS) is a reliable name in the industrial world for offering integrated technical consultancy services. Its various services are: Pre-feasibility study, New Project Identification, Project Feasibility and Market Study, Identification of Profitable Industrial Project Opportunities, Preparation of Project Profiles and Pre-Investment and Pre-Feasibility Studies, Market Surveys and Studies, Preparation of Techno-Economic Feasibility Reports, Identification and Selection of Plant and Machinery, Manufacturing Process and or Equipment required, General Guidance, Technical and Commercial Counseling for setting up new industrial projects and industry.

NPCS also publishes varies technology books, directory, databases, detailed project reports, market survey reports on various industries and profit making business. Besides being used by manufacturers, industrialists and entrepreneurs, our publications are also used by Indian and overseas professionals including project engineers, information services bureau, consultants and consultancy firms as one of the input in their research.

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