Cashew Nut Processing with CNSL, Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL), Cashew Nut, Cashew Kernels, Cashew Nut Shell Oil Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics, Production Schedule, Working Capital Requirement, Plant Layout, Process Flow Sheet, Cost of Project, Projected Balance Sheets, Profitability Ratios, Break Even Analysis

 

Cashew, the king of dry fruits, is not merely the best topping for a delicious last course; it is also an aphrodisiac that can boast of many curative properties. Cashew nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is a reddish brown viscous liquid, having the Honey comb structure of the shell of cashew nut obtained from cashew tree. It has leathery oval leaves and bears reddish flowers growing in clusters, and red or yellowish pear-shaped fruits referred to as cashew apples. The kidney-shaped ovary with a hard double shell growing at the bottom of each fruit is the cashew nut. Between the shell and the nut is found a black caustic oil difficult to remove – the cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), which can be processed for industrial uses.

The cashew shell is used to extract cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), which is an important by-product of cashew industry. The nut has a shell of about 1/8 inch thickness inside which is a soft honeycomb structure containing a dark reddish brown viscous liquid. It is called the cashew nut shell liquid, which is the per carp fluid of the cashew nut.

CNSL has innumerable applications, such as friction linings, paints, laminating resins, rubber compounding resins, cashew cements, polyurethane based polymers, surfactants, epoxy resins, foundry chemicals, and intermediates for chemical industry. The shell liquid, which is extracted out of the outer shell of the nut, also has industrial applications in the automotive industry, leather, and tobacco curing. It offers much scope and varied opportunities for the development of other tailor-made polymers.

India has the largest area under cashew and is confined mainly to the peninsular areas. It is grown in Kerala, Karnataka, Goa and Maharashtra along the west coast and Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal along the east coast. The highest productivity is observed in Kerala and Maharashtra with over one ton per ha. India is also one of the largest cashew consuming countries in the world.

Cashew nut cultivation is limited to coastal areas. But there is very high demand for cashew nut and its products from all parts of the country. The demand for cashew nut outstrips production.

The demand for cashew nut is gradually increasing.  India is leading producer, processor, consumer and exporter of cashew nuts in the world. It is one of the important agricultural commodities exported from India to many countries in the world. About two third of cashew produced in the country is consumed locally. India accounts for 65 percent of total cashew nut exports in the world and export cashew to more than 60 countries.

The production potential for the product is very high. The total production of raw cashew nut in the country could be as much as 2 lakh tonnes and at 10% recovery by weight, the production potential for CNSL is as much as 20,000 tonnes. There is a good scope for the export of CNSL to other countries which at present is on the decline.

As India is the largest processor country in the world, it is left with more quantity for exports that also makes it the largest exporter in the world cashew market. It annually exports around 4 million cartons in one year. There is a good scope for CSNL production units due to demand from both indigenous and international markets.

Few Indian Major Players are as under

• Amigo Exports Ltd.
• M A C Agro Inds. Ltd.
• M P S Food Products Ltd.
• Maiam Global Foods Ltd.
• Nature Bio-Foods Ltd.
• Olam Agro India Pvt. Ltd.
• Padmavathi Cashews & Coffee Ltd.
• Patel Food Product Ltd.
• Pioneer Cashew Inds. Ltd.
• Tropical Foods Ltd.

 

Table of Contents

 

1.       Project Profile

1.1.    District Profile & Geotechnical Site Characterization

1.1.1.General

1.1.2.Geography

1.1.3.Topography

1.1.4.Demographics

1.1.5.Climate

1.1.6.Map

1.1.7.Mode of Transport

1.1.8.Crops

1.1.9.Availability of Minerals

1.1.10.Business

1.1.11.Industry at a Glance

1.1.12.Major Exportable Item

2.       Introduction

3.       Nutritive Value/Composition

3.1.    Cashew Nut Kernel

3.2.    Cashew Nut Shell Oil

3.3.    Cashew Apple

3.4.    Alcohol

3.5.    Cashew Apple Syrup

4.       Uses of Cashew Nut

5.       Uses of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL)

6.       Properties of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL)

7.       B.I.S. Specification

7.1.    IS: 11076: 1984 – Guide for Palletization of Cashew Kernels for Export

7.2.    IS: 840: 1986 – Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL)

7.3.    IS: 6658: 2013 – Cashew Testa

7.4.    IS: 14326: 2005 – Cashew Fenny

8.       Market Survey

8.1.    Cashew Industry in India

8.2.    CNSL Market

9.       Export & Import: All Countries

9.1.    Cashew Karnel, Broken

9.1.1.Export: All Countries

9.1.2.Import: All Countries

9.2.    Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL)

9.2.1.Export: All Countries

9.2.2.Import: All Countries

10.   Financials & Comparison of Major Indian Players/Companies

10.1.About Financial Statements of CMIE Database

10.2.Profits & Appropriations

10.3.Total Liabilities

10.4.Total Assets

10.5.Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities

10.6.Section – I

10.6.1.Name of Company with Contact Details

10.6.2.Name of Director(S)

10.6.3.Plant Capacity

10.6.4.Name of Raw Material(S) Consumed With Quantity & Cost

10.7.Section – II

10.7.1.Assets

10.7.2.Cash Flow

10.7.3.Cost as% Ge of Sales

10.7.4.Forex Transaction

10.7.5.Growth in Assets & Liabilities

10.7.6.Growth in Income & Expenditure

10.7.7.Income & Expenditure

10.7.8.Liabilities

10.7.9.Liquidity Ratios

10.7.10.    Profitability Ratio

10.7.11.    Profits

10.7.12.    Return Ratios

10.7.13.    Structure of Assets & Liabilities (%)

10.7.14.    Working Capital & Turnover Ratios

11.   Export & Import Statistics Data of India

11.1.Export Statistics Data for Cashew Nut

11.2.Import Statistics Data for Cashew Nut

11.3.Export Statistics Data for Cashew Nut Shell Liquid

11.4.Import Statistics Data for Cashew Nut Shell Liquid

12.   Present Cashew Nut Processing Units

13.   Cashew Nut Processing

13.1.Measurement of the Moisture Content of Cashew Kernels

14.   Process Flow Diagram

15.   Cashew Kernel Processing Steps

16.   Extraction of Cashew nut shell Liquid

17.   Manufacturing Process of CNSL

18.   The Other Methods of Extraction of CNSL

18.1.Thermal Extraction

18.2.Screw Press Method

19.   Process Flow Diagram of CNSL

20.   Quality Control (Plant Sanitation)

20.1.Quality Control of Cashew Kernels

20.2.Hygiene and safety

20.3.Other sources of contamination

20.4.Packaging and preservation

21.   Environmental Standards for Cashew Processing Industries

21.1.Air Pollution Emission Standards

21.2.Wastewater Discharge Standards

21.3.Solid Waste Disposal Practices

22.   Buyer’s List

22.1.Contact Details of Buyer’s

22.2.Name of Director(S)

22.3.Plant Capacity

22.4.Company Wise Consumption Detail of the Raw Materials

23.   Suppliers of Raw Material

24.   Suppliers of Plant & Machinery

25.   Plant Layout

26.   Machinery, Raw Material & Product Photographs

26.1.Machinery Photographs

26.2.Raw Material Photographs

26.3.Product Photographs

27.   Quotation of Plant, Machinery and Equipments from Supplier

 

PROJECT FINANCIALS

·         Project at a Glance

Annexure

·         Assumptions for Profitability workings ….…………………………………………....................... 1

·         Plant Economics…………………………………………………………………………….................... 2

·         Production Schedule……………………………………………………………………….................... 3

·         Land & Building…………………………………………………………………………….................... 4

§  Factory Land & Building

§  Site Development Expenses

·         Plant & Machinery………………………………………………………………………….................... 5

§  Indigenous Machineries

§  Other Machineries (Miscellaneous, Laboratory etc.)

·         Other Fixed Assets………………………………………………………………………….................... 6

§  Furniture & Fixtures

§  Pre-operative and Preliminary Expenses

§  Technical Knowhow

§  Provision of Contingencies

·         Working Capital Requirement Per Month………………………………………………................. 7

§  Raw Material

§  Packing Material

§  Lab & ETP Chemical Cost

§  Consumable Store

·         Overheads Required Per Month and Per Annum ……………………………………................. .8

§  Utilities & Overheads (Power, Water and Fuel Expenses etc.)

§  Royalty and Other Charges

§  Selling and Distribution Expenses

·         Salary and Wages ……………………………………………………………………………................. 9

·         Turnover Per Annum ………………………………………………………………………................ 10

·         Share Capital…………………………………………………………………………………................ 11

§  Equity Capital

§  Preference Share Capital

 

•        Annexure 1            ::        Cost of Project and Means of Finance

•        Annexure 2            ::        Profitability and Net Cash Accruals

§  Revenue/Income/Realisation

§  Expenses/Cost of Products/Services/Items

§  Gross Profit

§  Financial Charges    

§  Total Cost of Sales

§  Net Profit After Taxes

§  Net Cash Accruals

 

•        Annexure 3            ::        Assessment of Working Capital requirements

§  Current Assets

§  Gross Working Capital

§  Current Liabilities

§  Net Working Capital

§  Working Note for Calculation of Work-in-process

 

•        Annexure 4            ::        Sources and Disposition of Funds

•        Annexure 5            ::        Projected Balance Sheets

§  ROI (Average of Fixed Assets)

§  RONW (Average of Share Capital)

§  ROI (Average of Total Assets)

 

•        Annexure 6            ::        Profitability ratios

§  D.S.C.R

§  Earnings Per Share (EPS)

§  Debt Equity Ratio

 

•        Annexure 7            ::        Break-Even Analysis

§  Variable Cost & Expenses

§  Semi-Variable/Semi-Fixed Expenses

§  Profit Volume Ratio (PVR)

§  Fixed Expenses / Cost 

§  B.E.P

 

•        Annexure 8 to 11   ::        Sensitivity Analysis-Price/Volume

§  Resultant N.P.B.T

§  Resultant D.S.C.R

§  Resultant PV Ratio

§  Resultant DER

§  Resultant ROI

§  Resultant BEP

 

•        Annexure 12          ::        Shareholding Pattern and Stake Status

§  Equity Capital

§  Preference Share Capital

 

•        Annexure 13          ::        Quantitative Details-Output/Sales/Stocks

§  Determined Capacity P.A of Products/Services

§  Achievable Efficiency/Yield % of Products/Services/Items 

§  Net Usable Load/Capacity of Products/Services/Items   

§  Expected Sales/ Revenue/ Income of Products/ Services/ Items   

 

•        Annexure 14          ::        Product wise domestic Sales Realisation

•        Annexure 15          ::        Total Raw Material Cost

•        Annexure 16          ::        Raw Material Cost per unit

•        Annexure 17          ::        Total Lab & ETP Chemical Cost

•        Annexure 18          ::        Consumables, Store etc.

•        Annexure 19          ::        Packing Material Cost

•        Annexure 20          ::        Packing Material Cost Per Unit

•        Annexure 21          ::        Employees Expenses

•        Annexure 22          ::        Fuel Expenses

•        Annexure 23          ::        Power/Electricity Expenses

•        Annexure 24          ::        Royalty & Other Charges

•        Annexure 25          ::        Repairs & Maintenance Expenses

•        Annexure 26          ::        Other Manufacturing Expenses

•        Annexure 27          ::        Administration Expenses

•        Annexure 28          ::        Selling Expenses

•        Annexure 29          ::        Depreciation Charges – as per Books (Total)

•        Annexure 30          ::        Depreciation Charges – as per Books (P & M)

•        Annexure 31          ::        Depreciation Charges - as per IT Act WDV (Total)

•        Annexure 32          ::        Depreciation Charges - as per IT Act WDV (P & M)

•        Annexure 33          ::        Interest and Repayment - Term Loans

•        Annexure 34          ::        Tax on Profits

•        Annexure 35          ::        Projected Pay-Back Period And IRR

 

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