A biopharmaceutical, also known as a biologic medical product or more simply as a biologic or biological, is any medicinal product manufactured in or extracted from biological sources. Biopharmaceuticals are instinct from chemically synthesized pharmaceutical products. Examples of biopharmaceuticals include vaccines, blood or blood components, allergenic, somatic cells, gene therapies tissues, recombinant therapeutic protein and living cells. Biologics can be composed of sugars, proteins or nucleic acids or complex combinations of these substances, or may be living entities such as cells and tissues. Biologics are isolated from a variety of natural sources human, animal or microorganism and may be produced by biotechnology methods and other technologies. A biologics and biotechnology drug substance may contain impurities derived from the manufacturing process. Such impurities may be classified into three major categories: host cell/source–derived, cell culture–derived, and downstream-derived. The production of bio molecules has been extensively developed to deal with dysfunctional protein counterparts, deficient systemic production of growth factors, deregulated cytokine activity and molecular targeting. Pharmaceutical companies have strove to produce drugs with higher efficacies and improved safety profiles, while enhancing the therapeutic repertoire with agents capable of addressing hitherto unmet needs. Such drugs have largely consisted of low molecular weight molecules which were often the result of chemical engineering of a naturally-found product.

The bio-pharmaceutical segment accounted for the largest share of the biotech industry, with 64.0 per cent of total revenues in FY13. The bio-pharmaceutical segment grew at the fastest rate (17.7 per cent in FY13), followed by bio-services (15.5 per cent) and bio-industrial (10.9 per cent). India’s pharmaceuticals industry looks set for a solid long-term growth. It already ranks fourteenth in the global league table, with sales of almost US$19 billion. It has the largest pool of diabetic patients, for example, with more than 41 million people suffering from the disease. 22 The pattern of demand for medicines is shifting accordingly.

FURTHER INFORMATION:

The complete book on biotechnology based bulk drugs describes the detailed information on the subject. the major contents of this book are- penicillins, historical perspective history, biosynthetic penicillins, process overview ,fermentation technology ,the culture: strain development, novel -lactam antibiotics, thienamycin, chemistry, pharmacological activity, chemical synthesis, aminoglycoside antibiotics, Streptidine and Deoxystreptamine, Streptomycin, Neomycin, Paromomycin, Ribostamycin and butirosin, gentamicin, micronomicin and sisomicin, fortamine and fortimicins, mutasynthesis, commercial production of cephamycin antibiotics, lincomycin, anticancer-agents, siderophores, steroid fermentations, products from recombinant dna etc.

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